Clonal evolution in cancer is intimately linked to the concept of intratumor cellular diversity, as the latter is a prerequisite for Darwinian selection at the micro-level. It has been frequently suggested in the literature that clonal evolution can be promoted by an elevated rate of mutation in tumor cells, so-called genomic instability, the mechanisms of which are now becoming increasingly well

In this paper, we investigate a one-warehouse multiple-retailer system, where the inventory control decisions are coordinated using a near optimal induced backorder cost, β*. All installations use continuous review installation-stock (R, Q) policies. The analysis builds on an approximation model where the stochastic warehouse delays are replaced by their correct averages. The contributions include

ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: • Patients in acute psychiatric care perceive compulsory treatment as good if they are given good care, if they are given the shelter they need and if they are given help with understanding what is happening. • They feel respected if they are allowed to retain their autonomy and are invited to participate, even though they are in compulsory treatment. • It is important to take

Ligand induced activation of the beta-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) leads to activation of Src family tyrosine kinases. We have explored the possibility that the receptor itself is a substrate for Src. We show that Tyr934 in the kinase domain of the PDGF receptor is phosphorylated by Src. Cell lines expressing a beta-receptor mutant, in which Tyr934 was replaced with a phenyal

BACKGROUND: Boswellic acid is a type of triterpenoids with antiinflammatory and antiproliferative properties. Sphingomyelin metabolism generates multiple lipid signals affecting cell proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Upregulation of acid sphingomyelinase (SMase) has been found in several inflammation-related diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. MET

By developing one overall multidiscipline case for one or several courses in an academic program, different learning challenges from multiple disciplines can be addressed in order to enhance the total learning goal. To achieve a learning goal, a generic case could be designed to bridge different disciplines in a systematic way. The important challenge is to design the case, which in its content as

Abstract Background and aims. The incidence of celiac disease (CD) shows large, worldwide variation. However, whether its causes are environmental (gluten-containing diet) or genetic (specific haplotype) have not been established. The aim of the present study is to examine the incidence of CD among second-generation immigrants and adoptees from abroad to disentangle genetic/ethnic versus environme

[abstract missing]

Relief Aid in East Africa Over a period of six months during second half of 2011, the global humanitarian Community responded to one of the most severe droughts the world has ever seen. A total of 13 million people were given emergency assistance including food, water and shelter. Unfortunately, this intervention is not an isolated event. The countries located in East Africa have a dire history of

We investigated the scale and characteristics of spring migration of soaring birds in Bourgas district, SE Bulgaria during three 5-day periods in March (27 th -31 st ), April (20 th -24 th ) and May (12 th -16 th ) 2008. Simultaneous counts were carried out from six observation points in two separate areas (Karnobat and Sredets), located 24.5 km and 37.3 km inland from the Black Sea coast, respect

För fyra år sedan,15 oktober 1993, kom vi på idén till en personlig elektronisk assistent, Isaac, för människor med utvecklingsstörning. Inspirationskällan var bl.a. den fickdator med pekskärm, Newton, som datorföretaget Apple nyss hadesläppt. Här berättas en kortversion av denna 4-åriga sannsaga med tyngdpunkt på dess konsekvenser för brukare och forskare. Sannsagan handlar om innehåll och metod,