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The MAKEDEP model is used to reconstruct the time-series input files of deposition, forest growth, uptake and litterfall needed to run the dynamic biogeochemical model SAFE. The amounts and timing of N made available for tree growth is what determines most of the model output. In this paper, the sensitivity Of MAKEDEP to various amounts and timing of N availability, including increased supplies of

Early environmental factors and genetic variants have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an interaction between birthweight and common variants in the TCF7L2, HHEX, PPARG, KCNJ11, SLC30A8, IGF2BP2, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B and JAZF1 genes in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. A total of 2,003 participants fro

To study gene expression in differentiated adult motoneuron subtypes, we used fluorescent dextrans for both anterograde and retrograde axonal tracing in adult rat and mouse. Application of these dyes to the cut distal and proximal ends of small extramuscular nerve branches revealed both the peripheral ramifications and the cell bodies of subsets of motoneurons. We show that the soleus muscle is in

Depressive affect, anxiety, and psychological defenses were studied in the presented research with PORT, a projective test that exploits subliminal perception of object-relation images. Protocols of 20 hospitalized suicide attempters were compared to those of 20 matched controls, 34 previously studied non-suicidal depressed patients, 18 patients with panic attac, and 32 patients with borderline an

Perturbation of coronary blood flow (CF) is an important contributor to myocardium-related complications. The study was primarily designed to assess the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery on CF by aid of transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Changes in CF after off-pump coarctation surgery were also studied. All ultrasounds were performed before and 5 ± 1 days after surgery. Eighteen

Here, we have identified a protist (dinoflagellate) lineage that has diversified recently in evolutionary terms. The species members of this lineage inhabit cold-water marine and lacustrine habitats, which are distributed along a broad range of salinities (0-32) and geographic distances (0-18 000 km). Moreover, the species present different degrees of morphological and sometimes physiological vari

Background Frail elderly people admitted to hospital often receive help from relatives in managing their daily lives. These relatives are likely to continue to feel responsible after admission, and to hold valuable knowledge, which may contribute to decision-making related to care and treatment. Objective To illuminate nurses’ experience of collaboration with relatives of frail elderly patients

Background In order to better understand the role of work environment in the earlier stages of the cardiovascular disease process, we wanted to investigate the influence of work-related psychosocial factors on preclinical atherosclerosis. Methods Cross-sectional data was used to examine the association between psychological job demands, job decision latitude, and carotid atherosclerosis in 2658 v

Varved lake sediments can be used to set multiple environmental proxies within a calendar year time scale. We undertook a systematic survey of lakes in the Province of Varmland, west central Sweden, with the aim of finding continuous varved lake sediment sequences covering the majority of the Holocene. In Fennoscandia, such sediments have previously only been recorded in northern Sweden and in sou

We report on a large scale calculation concerning the 5s(2) S-1 and 5s5p P-1,P-3 levels in Sr-88 I, using multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock methods. Our focus is on the P-3(2) meta-stable level, which has been shown to be extremely useful in atom cooling and trapping experiments. The lifetime for this level from our work (1071 s) agrees very well with a previous theoretical value, but not with the ava

The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of three-terminal ballistic junctions (TBJs) fabricated from high-electron-mobility GaInAs/InP quantum-well structures are measured in the six-terminal configuration. These characteristics show strong nonlinear, diode-like behavior, in agreement with recent theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the I-V characteristics are tunable by the voltage applied di

The influence of extensive sedum-moss vegetated roofs on runoff water quality was studied for four full scale installations located in southern Sweden. The aim of the study was to ascertain whether the vegetated roof behaves as a sink or a source of pollutants and whether the age of a vegetated roof influences runoff quality. The runoff quality from vegetated roofs was also compared with the runof

A β-mannosidase was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of Aspergillus niger. A specific activity of 500 nkat mg−1 and a 53-fold purification was achieved using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The isolated enzyme has an isoelectric point of 5.0 and appears to be a dimer composed of two 135-kDa subunits. It is a glycoprotein and conta

Cross-sections of whole vastus lateralis muscle from 20 men, 19 to 84 years of age, were prepared, and the cross-sectional area (microns2) of 375 type 1 and 375 Type 2 fibres was measured in five different regions throughout each muscle. In muscles from the old individuals, the mean CSA of Type 2 fibres was on average nearly 35% smaller (P less than 0.001) while the mean CSA of Type 1 fibres was o

In this review we discuss the morphology and crystal structure of branched epitaxial III-V semiconductor structures, so called nanotrees, based on our own work with GaP, InAs and GaP/InP. These structures are formed by epitaxial growth in a step-wise procedure where each level can be individually controlled in terms of diameter, length and composition. Poly-typism is commonly observed for III-Vs w

To measure welfare state redistribution, it is standard to compare the income distributions before and after taxes and transfers. This approach incorrectly assumes that the pre fisc distribution is independent of the welfare state. This paper identifies four sources of bias in the pre/post-approach: 1) Welfare states redistribute both between individuals and between generations, 2) Labor supply re