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Evaluation of 11 terrestrial carbon-nitrogen cycle models against observations from two temperate Free-Air CO2 Enrichment studies

We analysed the responses of 11 ecosystem models to elevated atmospheric [CO2] (eCO(2)) at two temperate forest ecosystems (Duke and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiments) to test alternative representations of carbon (C)-nitrogen (N) cycle processes. We decomposed the model responses into component processes affecting the response to eCO(2) and confronted

Prevalence of older people with intellectual disability in Sweden: a spatial epidemiological analysis.

The expected increase in longevity of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) in many countries of the world is a direct result of medical and social advances, which have also extended the longevity of the general population. It is important to assess the need for social services for people with ID across different administrative levels to ensure sufficient resources are allocated to where

Melanosomes and ancient coloration re-examined: A response to Vinther 2015 (DOI 10.1002/bies.201500018).

Round to elongate microbodies associated with fossil vertebrate soft tissues were interpreted as microbial traces until 2008, when they were re-described as remnant melanosomes - intracellular, pigment-containing eukaryotic organelles. Since then, multiple claims for melanosome preservation and inferences of organismal color, behavior, and physiology have been advanced, based upon the shape and si

Sepsis-induced leukocyte adhesion in the pulmonary microvasculature in vivo is mediated by CD11a andCD11b.

Leukocyte accumulation is a rate-limiting step in inflammatory lung injury. The aim of this study was to define the role of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 in sepsis-induced leukocyte rolling and adhesion in lung arterioles, capillaries and venules in male C57BL/6 mice using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) markedly increased leukocyte rolling in arterioles and venul

Validation of the Distress Thermometer in a Swedish population of oncology patients; accuracy of changes during six months

Purpose: To validate the Swedish version of the Distress Thermometer (DT) against the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for screening of distress and to explore how well DT measures changes of distress during six months in a population of heterogeneous oncology patients. Methods: The DT was translated into Swedish according to the forward- and back-translation procedure. HADS total scor

Nomenclature of members of Hieracium sect. Alpestria, Foliosa and Prenanthoidea (Asteraceae) reported from Sweden

Names of taxa referred to Hieracium sect. Alpestria (including the ‘Semidovrensia group’), Foliosa and Prenanthoidea and reported from Sweden have been compiled from the literature and herbaria and all uses have been indexed. Based on this synopsis, the nomenclatural validity and legitimacy of the names are analysed. In total, the use of 75, 62 and 27 names is documented for the three sections, re

Carbon dioxide degassing in fresh and saline water. II: Degassing performance of an air-lift

A study was undertaken to measure the efficiency with which carbon dioxide was stripped from freshwater (0 parts per thousand) and saline water (35 parts per thousand NaCl) passing through an air-lift at 15 degrees C. The air-lift was constructed of 50 mm (OD) PVC pipe submerged 95 cm in a tank, had an adjustable air injection rate, and could be adjusted to three lifting heights: 11,16 and 25 cm.

Parameter Selection for Real-Time Controllers in Resource-Constrained Systems

Inresource-constrained systems, the interference generated by the concurrent execution of multiple controller tasks leads to extra delay and jitter, which degrade control performance and may even jeopardize the stability of the controlled system. This work presents a general methodology that integrates control issues and real-time schedulability analysis to improve the control performance in embed

Variability of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide apparent quantum yield spectra in three coastal estuaries of the South Atlantic Bight

The photochemical oxidation of oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) has been estimated to be a significant process with global photoproduction transforming petagrams of DOC to inorganic carbon annually. To further quantify the importance of these two photoproducts in coastal DOC cycling, 38 paired apparent quantum yield (AQY) spectra for CO and CO

Rate-Control Drugs Affect Variability and Irregularity Measures of RR Intervals in Patients with Permanent Atrial Fibrillation

Heart Rate Variability and Irregularity During AF IntroductionIrregularity measures have been suggested as risk indicators in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, it is not known to what extent they are affected by commonly used rate-control drugs. We aimed at evaluating the effect of metoprolol, carvedilol, diltiazem, and verapamil on the variability and irregularity of the ventricula

Epigenetic Responsibility

The purpose of this article is to argue for a position holding that epigenetic responsibility primarily should be a political and not an individual responsibility. Epigenetic is a rapidly growing research field studying regulations of gene expression that do not change the DNA sequence. Knowledge about these mechanisms is still uncertain in many respects, but main presumptions are that they are tr

Microglial Markers are Elevated in the Prodromal Phase of Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

Microglia manage immunosurveillance and mediate inflammation, both suggested to be important in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to investigate if microglial markers could differentiate, firstly between AD and controls, and secondly between stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and those progressing to AD and vascular dementia (VaD). Furthermore, we investigated if these marker

Primary Sjögren's syndrome: The diagnostic and prognostic value of salivary gland ultrasonography using a simplified scoring system.

Objective: To determine the usefulness and prognostic value of a simplified salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) scoring system in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Methods: Patients with pSS (n=105) and controls (n=57) were evaluated using a simplified SGUS scoring system. Parenchymal homogeneity in salivary glands was graded from 0 to 3, grades 0 (normal) and 1 (mild inhomogeneity) being interp

Ferromagnetism and the electronic band structure in (Ga,Mn)(Bi,As) epitaxial layers

Impact of Bi incorporation into (Ga,Mn)As layers on their electronic-and band-structures as well as their magnetic and structural properties has been studied. Homogenous (Ga,Mn)(Bi,As) layers of high structural perfection have been grown by the low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy technique. Post-growth annealing treatment of the layers results in an improvement of their structural and magnetic

Relationships between perceived aspects of home and symptoms in a cohort aged 67-70.

The importance of the home environment increases with age. Perceived aspects of home influence life satisfaction, perceived health, independence in daily activities and well-being among very old people. However, research on health and perceived aspects of home among senior citizens in earlier phases of the aging process is lacking. Therefore, the main aim was to explore whether perceived aspects o

The potential transient dynamics of forests in New England under historical and projected future climate change

Projections of vegetation distribution that incorporate the transient responses of vegetation to climate change are likely to be more efficacious than those that assume an equilibrium between climate and vegetation. We examine the non-equilibrium dynamics of a temperate forest region under historic and projected future climate change using the dynamic ecosystem model LPJ-GUESS. We parameterized LP

Quantitative detection of hydrogen peroxide in an HCCI engine using photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence

A photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PF-LIF) technique was applied to an HCCI engine for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) measurements. A pump-probe strategy was adopted with the pump laser (266 nm) photolyzing H2O2, and with the probe laser (283 nm) detecting the generated OH photofragments. An on-line calibration process was performed by introducing a known amount of vaporized H2O2/water sol

A proposed aerobic granules size development scheme for aerobic granulation process.

Aerobic granulation is increasingly used in wastewater treatment due to its unique physical properties and microbial functionalities. Granule size defines the physical properties of granules based on biomass accumulation. This study aims to determine the profile of size development under two physicochemical conditions. Two identical bioreactors namely Rnp and Rp were operated under non-phototrophi