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Multiple sclerosis (MS) and other T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases develop in individuals carrying a complex susceptibility trait, probably following exposure to various environmental triggers. Owing to the presumed weak influence of single genes on disease predisposition and the recognized genetic heterogeneity of autoimmune disorders in humans, candidate gene searches in MS have been difficul

INTRODUCTION: The development of PIH is associated with a defective trophoblast invasion and conversion of spiral arteries into low-resistance uteroplacental arteries. Hypertension may then be a compensatory response to a defective uteroplacental perfusion. Similar mechanisms may operate in IUGR. AIM: To compare uterine artery Doppler blood flow measurements with placental bed histology. The hypot

Twenty-four children (aged 5 months to 18 years) who were admitted to a university hospital were observed for a total of 135 hours with the aim of describing their degree of participation in decisions concerning their own care. Grading of their participation was made by using a 5-point scale. An assessment was also made of what was considered as optimal participation in each situation. The results

Electric field gradients at the oxygen and hydrogen nuclei of water have been calculated using high level ab initio methods. Systematic studies of basis set truncation errors have been carried out at the Hartree-Fock and coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) levels using extended correlation consistent basis sets with up to 398 basis functions. Correlation effects are investigated using a hie

Postural adaptability and responses elicited by vibratory stimulation to the calf muscles recorded on a force platform with eyes open or closed were analyzed in 39 patients suffering from Postural Phobic Vertigo (PPV) (17 men and 22 women, mean age 49 years) and 24 healthy subjects (14 men, 10 women, mean age 38 years). The vibration induced increased body sway in both groups, but the adaptation p

We have studied the differentiation of striatal projection neurons in co-culture with expanded glia from different regions of the embryonic mouse telencephalon. Our results show that when striatal progenitors are cultured on glia derived from the same region as they originate (i.e. the lateral ganglionic eminence), the neurons formed exhibit long processes. This is not the case when the cells are

This paper compared two higher-order factor models using a 100-item, five-factor personality inventory originating from the IPIP database. The sample consisted of 2,019 subjects tested on the Internet. The two models were compared using confirmatory factor analysis. The two-factor model showed a similar fit to the data. The criteria for parsimony favored a hierarchical model with one higher-order

The aim of this study was to determine the number of tibialis anterior biopsy samples and muscle fibers required to estimate the capillary supply of individual muscle fibers (C:F-i). C:F-i was calculated for 25 type 1 fibers in each of 8 images from 3 biopsies of 5 young healthy individuals. Sequential estimation analysis indicated that 50 fibers from one biopsy are sufficient to characterize the

This paper reports on acute posttraumatic reactions and forms of coping to the September 11 attack. We conducted a survey within three weeks of the attack on a nationwide, representative sample of individuals 13 years or older (N = 3,134). Measures included the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ), the brief version of the COPE, and questions about demographics and attitudes toward

A new mechanistic model of drug release during the lag phase from coated pellets undergoing cracking in the coating due to the hydrostatic pressure built up inside the pellet has been developed. The model describes dynamically all the main release processes occurring during the lag phase in pellets coated with a semi-permeable membrane, i.e. the influx of solvent driven by the difference in osmoti

Coastal groundwater aquifers are often exposed to heavy pumping and consequently to risks of saltwater intrusion. In many cases, however, the observed increase in groundwater salinity can only be partly explained by actual saltwater intrusion from the sea. Other salinity-increasing processes may also significantly contribute to the total salt content of the groundwater. This paper describes a geoc

An early and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is required to initiate symptomatic treatment with currently approved drugs and will be of even greater importance if disease modifying compounds in development display a clinical effect. Protein profiles of human cerebrospinal fluid samples from AD patients (n = 95) and population-based healthy controls (n = 72) were analyzed by SELDI-TO

Transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes have been obtained for 45 transitions of Re II using a combination of radiative lifetime values obtained with the laser-induced fluorescence technique ( seven levels) and theoretical branching fractions. This new set of results, concerning ultraviolet and visible lines, will be useful in the future for investigating the composition of chemically pec

Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE MRA) is a non-invasive alternative to conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA). CE MRA is increasingly used as a complement to Duplex in the preoperative assessment of carotid artery stenosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if CE MRA could replace preoperative DSA. CE MRA with a scan time of 10 or 28 s was performed in 24 c

The gas phase hydrodeoxygenation of a series of aromatic alcohols, aldehydes and acids has been examined over Ni/SiO2. Compensation behaviour is established with an isokinetic temperature (518 +/- A 21 K) that is consistent with with the point of intersection of the Arrhenius lines. This is accounted for using the Selective Energy Transfer model that is based on resonance between the catalytic Ni-

Biopsy samples of head and neck carcinomas were investigated with regard to elafin, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), interleukin 1-receptor antagonist [(IL)1-RA] and soluble tumour necrosis factor alpha receptor antagonist (STNFalpha RI). SLPI and elafin are serine protease inhibitors produced in the serous cells of the upper respiratory airways and in the keratinocytes, respectively

Statin treatment inhibits oxidized lipoprotein-induced intracellular lipid accumulation (foam cell formation) and reduces plasma levels of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-1 beta The aim of the present study was to determine if simvastatin affected lipid accumulation in macrophages incubated with aggregated low density lipoproteins (AgLDL) and whether simvastatin had a direct effect on cyt