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The heavy-duty industry typically uses a high cetane fuel to power their vehicles, currently typically fossil diesel. Switching to renewable fuels such as methanol requires a major changeover in engine technology. Due to the high octane number of methanol, the diesel engines will have to be replaced by more suitable spark-ignited engines. An accurate knock control system will then be needed to acc

Objectives: We aimed to discover CpG sites with differential DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes associated with body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy and gestational weight gain (GWG) in women of European and South Asian ancestry. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate how the identified sites were associated with methylation quantitative trait loci, gene ontology, and cardiometabolic param

Background: The purpose of the study was to compare the real-world aflibercept treatment and visual outcomes, and to examine the adherence to pandemic guidelines in two groups of patients with treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden up to the 1-year follow-up. Methods: This is a retrospective observatio

Background: Pain is associated with falls, disability and a poor quality of life among older adults. It is highly prevalent in many societies, and studies have shown that pain could be preventable or managed more effectively at the population level. However, few studies have investigated who is at higher risk of pain in the general population, which is important for development of effective interv

Background: The etiology of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and its predictors are incompletely understood. Previous studies have indicated reduced risk of future development of GCA in individuals with obesity and/or diabetes mellitus. There is limited information on blood lipids before the onset of GCA. The objective of the study was to investigate the relation between apolipoprotein levels and future

Acetylation is a commercialised chemical wood modification technology that increases the durability of wood against microbial attack. However, the details of how acetylation protects the wood structure from fungal degradation are still unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the resistance against microbial attack depends on the localisation of acetylation within the cell wall. The m

The tourism industry, destinations, and the wider tourism community and stakeholders face several significant short and long-term challenges that will substantially affect the future direction of tourism. Issues of social, economic, and environmental change are further complicated by current geopolitical conflicts and competition. These issues raise important questions with respect to the role of

Background. We evaluated the effects of 12 months of exercise training on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 not on kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Methods. A total of 151 patients were randomized to 12 months of either balance or strength training, both together with endurance training. Some 112 patients completed and 107 (69 men, 38 women) were

Programmable optical circuits are an important tool in developing quantum technologies such as transceivers for quantum communication and integrated photonic chips for quantum information processing. Maintaining precise control over every individual component becomes challenging at large scales, leading to a reduction in the quality of operations performed. In parallel, minor imperfections in circ

Background: Chest compression is a lifesaving intervention in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), but the optimal metrics to assess its quality have yet to be identified. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a new parameter, that is, the variability of the chest compression-generated transthoracic impedance (TTI), namely ImpCC, which measures the consistency of the chest compr

We present an exact dimensionality reduction for dynamics of an arbitrary array of globally coupled complex-valued Riccati equations. It generalizes the Watanabe-Strogatz theory [Integrability of a globally coupled oscillator array, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 2391 (1993).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.70.2391] for sinusoidally coupled phase oscillators and seamlessly includes quadratic integrate-and

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are essential for nitrogen (N) cycling in many temperate forests and responsive to anthropogenic N addition, which generally decreases host carbon (C) allocation to the fungi. In the boreal region, however, ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass has been found to correlate positively with soil N availability. Still, responses to anthropogenic N input, for instance through atmospheric

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). We aimed to explore the prevalence and severity of GI symptoms in POTS, and to investigate immunological factors, hemodynamic findings, and their possible association with GI symptoms in POTS. Forty-three patients (93% female, median age 30.6 (26.0-41.0) years), previously diagnosed with POTS and 74 heal

This article presents a cognitive model of event structure that can be used to explain several features of the semantics of verbs. The model consists of four basic components: agent, patient, force vector and result vector. Each component is described in terms of the theory of conceptual spaces. The force vector is the cause of the result vector. Unlike other event models both the cause and the ef

Heart transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage heart failure. However, conservative acceptance criteria result in most donated hearts being discarded. Enabling clinicians to assess heart function after organ procurement can pave the way for the safe use of hearts that are currently rejected. This thesis focuses on improving techniques for the direct, controlled assess

With current interest from the heavy-duty industry in high-octane renewable fuels like methanol, the currently used compression ignition engines will have to be adapted to dual-fuel (DF) type combustion systems or replaced by spark-ignition (SI) engines. Since both DF and SI engines are characterized by a premixed air–fuel mixture, there is a risk that part of the unburned mixture auto-ignites bef

PURPOSE Childhood cancer survivors are at the risk of developing subsequent colorectal cancers (CRCs), but the absolute risks by treatment modality are uncertain. We quantified the absolute risks by radiotherapy treatment characteristics using clinically accessible data from a Pan-European wide case-control study nested within a large cohort of childhood cancer survivors: the PanCareSurFup Study.

We introduce the parton cascade Alpaca, which evolves parton ensembles corresponding to single events according to the effective kinetic theory of QCD at high temperature formulated by Arnold, Moore and Yaffe by explicitly simulating elastic scattering, splitting and merging. By taking the ensemble average over many events the phase space density (as evolved by the Boltzmann equation) is recovered