Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is an emerging concept describing the business setting application of a broad set of digitalisation technologies, connectivity, and automation. The most common critical infrastructure (CI) uses Industrial Control Systems (ICS) for operation and supervisory control. However, the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Internet of things (IoT) systems are examples of

One of the most critical issues faced by chemical industries is reducing the environmental impact caused due to pollution, which has resulted in global warming and health issues. Most chemical industries monitor and use Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to control pollution, which is currently done by using various KPI's that are dependent on the product they are producing. Therefore, a study is c

“Food processing 4.0” concept denotes processing food in the current digital era by harnessing fourth industrial revolution (called Industry 4.0) technologies to improve quality and safety of processed food products, reduce production costs and time, save energy and resources, as well as diminish food loss and waste. Industry 4.0 technologies have been gaining great attention in recent years, revo

Medical waste is produced in huge quantities daily, and the increasing amount of it is a worldwide issue that makes managing medical waste more and more crucial. Leakage or improper use of medical waste can be harmful, risking the environment and human lives. The pandemic COVID-19 has challenged current practices with the increasing number of waste and the possibility of transferring the virus fro

In this paper, a life cycle assessment (LCA)-based sustainability assessment framework is developed to estimate the environmental impact of production processes. The framework provides a methodical, context-independent, approach to carry out LCA studies. The framework sets guiding principles for products and key performance indicators (KPIs) selection and the associated data requirements in a reco

The primary goal of this paper was to uncover the drivers of digital transformation (DT) in the pharmaceutical industry. The Covid-19 pandemic and tightening regulatory standards in the global pharma industry necessitated pharma executives need to understand the most critical drivers of digitalizing the sector and charting a new path that improves production processes and streamlines these compani

Organizations that manufacture high volumes of complex products (e.g., pharmaceutical, automotive, food) require specific strategies to ensure efficient processing of parts and a sustainable level of inventory by waste minimization. A review of literature sources revealed how inventory is classified and managed amongst organizations and industries and key challenges that current organizations face

This book provides industry insights and fresh ideas for the advancement of the most vital global industry - food. Drawing on their industry and academic expertise the authors have identified three controlling aspects of food business operations that can unleash long term success: consumer health and wellbeing; product and process sustainability; and harnessing advances in digitalization. If devel

Food quality has recently received considerable attention from governments, researchers, and consumers due to the increasing demand for healthier and more nutritious food products. Traditionally, food quality is determined using a range of destructive and time-consuming approaches with modest analytical performance, underscoring the urgent need to develop novel analytical techniques. The Fourth In

Meat 4.0 refers to the application the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) technologies in the meat sector. Industry 4.0 components, such as robotics, Internet of Things, Big Data, augmented reality, cybersecurity, and blockchain, have recently transformed many industrial and manufacturing sectors, including agri-food sectors, such as the meat industry. The need for digitalised and automat

In a complex manufacturing system such as the multistage manufacturing system, maintaining the quality of the products becomes a challenging task. It is due to the interconnectivity and dependency of factors that can affect the final product. With the increasing availability of data, Machine Learning (ML) approaches are applied to assess and predict quality-related issues. In this paper, several M

The food and beverage industry is one of the most water-intensive industries, with water required for various processes (e.g., washing, cooking, cleaning) at almost every stage of the production, as well as being a key constituent in many food and drink products. Therefore, a real-time efficient water management strategy is imperative, and the novel internet of things (IoT)-based technologies can

Over the past few years, there has been growing research interest in the Internet of Things. Both academics and industrialists have developed and deployed IoT-based applications for transparency and efficiency within the food sector. Some of the IoT applications that have been successfully implemented are related to tracking, tracing, and monitoring food products and other resources, which contrib

With the vast amount of data available, and its increasing complexity in manufacturing processes, traditional statistical approaches have started to fall short. This is where machine learning plays a key role, addressing the challenges by bringing the ability to analyse large and complex datasets from multiple sources, finding non-linear and intricate patterns on data, relationships between severa

Background. An increasing global population means resource utilisation and food security remain the critical global challenges. Robotics and autonomous systems (RAS) have been applied to improve productivity, and their role in enhancing supply chain operations is explored here. Scope and approach. Researchers have studied ways to adopt and integrate RAS into the food industry. However, most of the

Food, hygiene, and safety are critical in healthcare institutions, especially those in which patients are vulnerable against diseases triggered by food prepared under improper conditions. In the United Kingdom, almost 400 healthcare institutions were found to need significant improvements to their food preparation standards (ITV News, 2016). Such institutions still rely on traditional pen and pape

The food industry is very resource-intensive and continuously under stakeholder's scanner to address the impact of climate change, resource scarcity, ever-changing consumer demands and stringent legislations. It has resulted in the food industry adopting Industry 4.0 initiatives for changes. In this context, one of the key focus is on enhancing transparency through Augmented Reality (AR) experienc