Analysis of an individual's immunoglobulin or T cell receptor gene repertoire can provide important insights into immune function. High-quality analysis of adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing data depends upon accurate and relatively complete germline sets, but current sets are known to be incomplete. Established processes for the review and systematic naming of receptor germline genes

Switzerland's current food system is unsustainable and responsible for 25% of the country's environmental footprint. Half of the greenhouse gas emissions from the Swiss food system are caused by meat and dairy consumption. Reducing Switzerland's GHG emissions from the food system requires an orchestrated approach, targeting amended consumption and production patterns. A primary change

There is a need to transform the urban mobility regime to mitigate climate change and improve living quality in cities. Cargo bikes (CBs) offer a promising solution to replace motorized vehicles, especially for last-mile deliveries and private logistics. They show considerably lower carbon intensity, occupy less space and help reduce air and noise pollution in cities. CB sharing relieves individua

This thesis engages with Western European funding for queer movements in Georgia by asking how these donors affect the local movements, transnational politics and the power dynamics in Georgia. It pursues these inquiries by analysing the Western European understanding of queer activism and how donors support queer movements in Georgia; and the Georgian activists perceptions and suggestions for imp

Energy balance closure is an important feature in studies of ecosystem exchanges of energy and greenhouse gases using the eddy covariance method. Previous analyses show that this is still a problem with imbalances in the order of 0.6–0.7 to full closure (for only a few sites). It has been suggested that mesoscale transport processes that are not captured by the eddy covariance measurements are the

Purpose: The relative biological effectiveness of two epithermal neutron sources, a reactor based source at Studsvik, Sweden, and a proton accelerator-based source in Birmingham, UK, was studied in relation to the proportional absorbed dose distribution as a function of neutron energy. Evidence for any interactions between the effects of biological damage induced by high- and low-linear energy tra

Objective This study assessed the magnitude of risky sexual practices and associated factors among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending antiretroviral clinics in public hospitals in Kembata Tembaro Zone, southern Ethiopia.Design A cross-sectional study was conducted.Setting A hospital-based study was conducted among adult PLHIV in the Kambata Tambaro Zone, southern Ethiopia.Participants

This paper contributes to academic and policy debates about climate leadership by illustrating an approach to examining national emission reduction targets focusing on Denmark. Widely recognized as a climate leader, Denmark is cherished for both its historical track record and its current climate targets. With a target of 70% emissions reduction by 2030 compared to 1990 stipulated in national law,

Understanding the impact of various factors on train arrival delays is a prerequisite for effective railway traffic operating control andmanagement. Existing studies model the train delay prediction problems using a single, generic equation, restricting their capabilityin accounting for heterogeneous impacts of spatiotemporal factors on arrival delays as the train travels along its route. The pape

Vast amounts of resources extracted through the times are in today’s built environment, with only an estimated 20-30% of building material recycled or reused and the sector accounting for over 35% of the EU’s total waste generation. Buildings are also responsible for 25-40% of all global carbon dioxide emissions. Circular Economy (CE) refers to the better management of resources and waste by closi

Fiber-reinforced polymers are highly demanding composites in aerospace and automotive areas because of their excellent mechanical properties such as stiffness and strength-to-weight ratio. The drilling remains the major machining operation applied to composites to provide high-quality holes for joints between parts. Due to composites plied structure, the drilling is accompanied with unusual form m

Scholars have recently devoted increasing attention to the role and function of international bureaucracies in global policymaking. Some of them contend that international public officials have gained significant political influence in various policy fields. Compared to other international bureaucracies, the political leeway of the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

In recent years, regeneration has come to the attention as a better alternative to sustainability. However, with increased popularity and its vagueness around what regeneration entails, there is a need to grasp the concept better. The researchers differentiate regeneration from sustainability, highlighting that sustainability focuses on taking responsibility, while regeneration aims to create addi

Objectives: In radiotherapy, delineation uncertainties are important as they contribute to systematic errors and can lead to geographical miss of the target. For margin computation, standard deviations (SDs) of all uncertainties must be included as SDs. The aim of this study was to quantify the interobserver delineation variation for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) of peripheral lung tumours

Background. Proton therapy of lung cancer holds the potential for a reduction of the volume of irradiated normal lung tissue. In this work we investigate the robustness of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans to motion, and evaluate a geometrical tumour tracking method to compensate for tumour motion. Material and methods. Seven patients with a nine targets with 4DCT scans were selected

When the coronavirus spread globally in early 2020, many governments issued national lock downs of schools, institutions, and businesses. As the epidemic turned into a pandemic, the health crisis also became a societal crisis, and many universities and research foundations issued COVID-19 grants to study the societal implications of the crisis. In this article, we discuss sociological research dur

In this paper, we present a fully automated generative method for brain tumor segmentation in multi-modal magnetic resonance images. The method is based on the type of generative model often used for segmenting healthy brain tissues, where tissues are modeled by Gaussian mixture models combined with a spatial atlas-based tissue prior. We extend this basic model with a tumor prior, which uses convo

In studies recruited on a voluntary basis, lack of representativity may impair the ability to generalize findings to the target population. Previous studies, primarily based on surveys, have suggested that generalizability may be improved by exploiting data on individuals who agreed to participate only after receiving one or several reminders, as such individuals may be more similar to non-partici

The clinical commissioning of beams for neutron capture therapy involves the measurement and analysis of a large amount of data in various geometries and using various detectors. The process as such is akin to that in the conventional photon and electron radiotherapy field, while the tools, methods and considerations in the field of neutron capture therapy are different. This chapter provides an i

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain numerous active substances that mediate bacterial interactions with their host and with other microbes. Best defined are the EVs from Gram-negative bacteria that have been shown to deliver virulence factors, modulate the immune responses, mediate antibiotic resistance, and also inhibit competitive microbes. Due to the complex cell wall structures of G