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The overall aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate sedimentary micro-environments and ecosystemfunctioning of two coastal areas. We combined different high spatial resolution methods and multivariate analyses atdifferent spatio-temporal scales to reveal interactions between benthic faunal and geochemical compartments. Firstly,we investigated two stations with contrasted oxygen, nitrate and mang

Aim: Health and nutrition in early childhood are essential for survival, growth and adult life outcomes. As such, a number of global and national interventions have been pursued to improve early childhood health and nutrition. However, child malnutrition is pervasive and endemic across the sub Saharan Africa. This paper therefore assesses the nature and trends of socioeconomic inequalities in chil

Improving household access and use of clean energy has been central to global development efforts in recent years. The negative effects of energy poverty on health, climate, livelihoods and economy has led to increased investments towards achieving universal access to clean energy. However, significant deprivations in clean energy remains, especially in developing countries. Energy poverty may inv

Purpose: This study aims to estimate the degree and nature of socioeconomic-related inequalities in sexual and reproductive health in Ghana and further assesses causes of these inequalities using decomposition technique. The authors assess the contribution of personal characteristics of the woman including access to health information and health seeking behaviours, household and locational charact

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess the trends of socioeconomic-related inequalities in maternal healthcare utilization in Ghana between 2003 and 2014 and examine the causes of inequalities in maternal healthcare utilization in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach: Data are drawn from three rounds of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey collected in 2003, 2008 and 2014, respectively.

Ghana has witnessed tremendous economic growth since the 1990s and attained the Millennium Development Goals target of halving poverty. This notwithstanding, inequality in Ghana increased over the same period, suggesting growth benefits were not equitably distributed. This study provides evidence on the determinants of household consumption expenditure and factors that explain rural-urban welfare

Coastal environments are exposed to numerous pressures that potentially affect marine soft bottom faunas. Among these pressures, organic matter enrichment is very frequent. Several indices based on living (Rose Bengal-stained) foraminiferal communities have recently been developed to assess the induced impact and determine the environmental quality of these environments. Here, we use an open water

Island chains provide access to terrestrial, coastal and offshore marine resources, attracting peoples and cultures and serving as conduits for migrations and long-distance exchange networks. Situated between Hokkaido and Sakhalin, Rebun Island connected the prehistoric cultures of northeast Asia in a major “marine highway”. Rebun was repeatedly settled by distinct cultures who originated in diffe

Cambodia’s transition from competitive to hegemonic authoritar-ianism, begun with a crackdown in 2017 which saw the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party dissolved, and institutionalised in non-competitive parliamentary elections in 2018 in which long- incumbent Cambodian People’s Party won all seats, has been teem-ing with references to the monarchy. Whilst Prime Minister Hun Sen has long bui

Temperature is one of the key abiotic factors during the life of plants, especially in the Arctic region which is currently experiencing rapid climate change. We evaluated plant traits and environmental variables determining leaf temperature in tundra shrubs and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions with field measurements on deciduous tundra shrubs, Salix myrsinites and Betula nana, and everg

Background and aims: Ethnicity influences the prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) and its progression to manifest diabetes postpartum, being higher in non-European populations. This may partly be explained by differences in insulin secretion and action. Aims of the present study were to evaluate glucose homeostasis after GDM, the impact of ethnicity and other determinants of glucose toleranceBackground and aims: Ethnicity influences the prevalence of gestationaldiabetes (GDM) and its progression to manifest diabetes postpartum, beinghigher in non-European populations. This may partly be explained by differences in insulin secretion and action. Aims of the present study were toevaluate glucose homeostasis after GDM, the impact of ethnicity and otherdeterminants of glucose tolerance pos

A previously unknown set of neurons, characterized by their ability to accumulate indoleamines, has been identified in the retina of Cebus monkeys, rabbits, cats, pigeons, chicken, goldfish and lampreys. They are not demonstrable with presently available techniques in humans, Cynomolgus monkeys, cows, pigs and rats. The neurons are called indoleamine accumulating neuron and form a subset of amacri

Investigation of large populations of peteinoid acritarchs recovered from Middle Ordovician strata of the Hälludden and Horns Udde quarry sections (Öland, Sweden) allows for statistical analyses based on morphometric measurements. The results indicate the presence of assemblages with a continuous variability of morphotypes, thus a distinction of different peteinoid acritarch taxa in the sections p

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by rigidity, akinesia, postural instability and tremor. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) reduces tremor but the effects on postural instability are inconsistent. Another component of postural control is the postural strategy, traditionally referred to as the ankle or hip strategy, which is determined by the coupling between the

Background: Adolescents with HIV are faced with challenges when taking care of their medication, which affects their treatment adherence. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of adolescents living with HIV regarding their antiretroviral therapy adherence and retention in care in southern Ethiopia.Methods: An inductive qualitative study design was applied to explore adol