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Three different, state-of-the-art biogeochemical models are adapted in order to quantify the carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N 2O), and methane (CH4) exchanges between arable lands and the atmosphere. Biome-BGC and MOD17 are validated using the long-term measurement results from Hegyhátsál tall tower site (Western Hungary). After a simple bias correction, it was found that Biome-BGC is capabl
Background: Oxygen is liberally administered in intensive care units (ICUs). Nevertheless, ICU doctors’ preferences for supplementing oxygen are inadequately described. The aim was to identify ICU doctors’ preferences for arterial oxygenation levels in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients. Methods: In April to August 2016, an online multiple-choice 17-part-questionnaire was distributed to 10
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate knowledge translation after publication of the target temperature management 33°C versus 36°C after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest trial and associated patient outcomes. Our primary hypothesis was that target temperature management at 36°C was rapidly adopted in Australian and New Zealand ICUs. Secondary hypotheses were that temporal reductions in mortality would be seen an
Objectives: The authors sought to compare reclassification of treatment strategy following instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR). Background: iFR was noninferior to FFR in 2 large randomized controlled trials in guiding coronary revascularization. Reclassification of treatment strategy by FFR is well-studied, but similar reports on iFR are lacking. Methods: The iFR-
Background: In the Swedish population aged between 50 and 64 years only 7.1% reach the recommended level of physical activity. Physical activity on prescription (PAP) has been used in Sweden since the beginning of the twenty-first century with moderate adherence of approximately 50%. Mindfulness seems to affect motivation to and satisfaction with physical activity. The aim is to test the feasibili
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumour that exhibits rapid growth and metastatic spread. Although SCLC represents a prototypically undifferentiated cancer type, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1, gene symbol NKX2-1), a master regulator for pulmonary epithelial cell differentiation and lung morphogenesis, is strongly upregulated in this aggressive cancer type. The aim of this
TomoWarp2 is a Python based code that allows full-field vector displacements to be measured between 2D or 3D image sets, based on a local approach of Digital Image Correlation. These displacements can be used to calculate the complete 2D or 3D strain tensor field to study, for example, heterogeneous deformation responses of materials during loading. The code is provided with a GUI, and can handle
Background: Early cartilage changes in knee osteoarthritis (OA) can be assessed by both intravenous (i.v.) and intra-articular (i.a.) delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC). Purpose: To examine the relationship between i.a. dGEMRIC and delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of menisci (dGEMRIM), and to investigate if the approach can be used to assess the morphological degeneration of men
Objective: We endeavored to create a comprehensive course in global surgery involving multinational exchange. Design: The course involved 2 weeks of didactics, 2 weeks of clinical rotations in a low-resource setting and 1 week for a capstone project. We evaluated our success through knowledge tests, surveys of the students, and surveys of our Zimbabwean hosts. Setting: The didactic portions were h
The success of membrane technology in the food industry is directly linked to the success of membranes in protein recovery. Proteins are one of the most important food ingredients and their global market is growing rapidly. In 2012 the global market of protein accounted for 19 billion USD, while for 2018 it is expected to reach 28 billion USD. The aim of this presentation is to provide an overview
The pulp and paper industry is one of the most important industrial sectors worldwide and has a great potential to be the nucleus for the future bio-economy. Today’ pulp industry is mainly focusing on the production of cellulose fibres and electricity, while its future potential includes the production of bio-chemicals, bio-fuels and advanced materials. In order to fulfil their future role, pulp m
1. INTRODUCTIONFrom the early days of membrane technology fouling has been identified as the most important parameter for the slow integration of technology in the industry [1]. Since then significant progress has been achieved in the field of fouling and cleaning of membranes which are still both key aspects in membrane plant operation in the food and bioprocess industry with a significant impact
De senaste åren har det blivit tydligt att detaljhandeln av idag måste hantera två förändringstryck: ökande internethandel och hållbarhetshänsyn. Hur fristående fysiska butiker och kedjor hanterar dessa tryck kommer att få avgörande betydelse för deras överlevnad. I detta kapitel argumenteras för att det finns en framtid för den fysiska butiken om miljöhänsyn tas på allvar ihop med de möjligheter
With a commitment to a relational ontology, scholars from within the feminist care tradition of animal ethics have been able to theorize how our moral significance - as well as our moral obligations to others - arise from the metaphysical and empathetic 'entanglements. Independent of species, gender and the like, we exist as embodied beings. Sharing a position that originates in nonwestern culture
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are essential polysaccharides in normal physiology and disease. However, understanding of the contribution of specific GAG structures to specific biological functions is limited, largely because of the great structural heterogeneity among GAGs themselves, as well as technical limitations in the structural characterization and chemical synthesis of GAGs. Here we describe a
A typical approach when designing a bio-inspired robot is to simplify an animal model and to enhance the functionality of interest. For hexapod robots, this often leads to a need of supplementary mechanics to become multifunctional. However, a preferable solution is to employ the embodied multifunctional capabilities of the animal as inspiration for robot design. Using this approach, we present a
Background: Lack of a global consensus on the definition of advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) and considerations for timing of device-aided therapies may result in heterogeneity in care. Objectives: To reach consensus among movement disorder specialists regarding key patient characteristics indicating transition to APD and guiding appropriate use of device-aided therapies in the management of PD
International research has consistently reported that youth in secure residential care have high rates of somatic/dental health problems. Here, we report results from the first such study in a Nordic country. An experienced paediatrician performed systematic somatic and rudimentary dental health assessments of 91 youths, age 13–17, recently admitted to four secure residential units in Sweden. Girl
