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Responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to long-term inorganic and organic nutrient addition in a lowland tropical forest

Improved understanding of the nutritional ecology of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is important in understanding how tropical forests maintain high productivity on low-fertility soils. Relatively little is known about how AM fungi will respond to changes in nutrient inputs in tropical forests, which hampers our ability to assess how forest productivity will be influenced by anthropogenic chang

Is the Capacity for Vocal Learning in Vertebrates Rooted in Fish Schooling Behavior?

The capacity to learn and reproduce vocal sounds has evolved in phylogenetically distant tetrapod lineages. Vocal learners in all these lineages express similar neural circuitry and genetic factors when perceiving, processing, and reproducing vocalization, suggesting that brain pathways for vocal learning evolved within strong constraints from a common ancestor, potentially fish. We hypothesize th

Comparing the inflammatory profiles for incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases : A prospective study exploring the 'common soil' hypothesis

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation and associated insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities have been proposed as 'common soil' for diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper aimed to investigate the inflammatory profiles of DM and CVD and to distinguish their shared and specific markers. Methods: Based on the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, total and differenti

A sticky trait: Social trust among Swedish expatriates in countries with varying institutional quality

Social trust is linked to many desirable economic and social outcomes. Using new data from a representative sample of 2668 Swedish expatriates, we examine the robustness of high social trust in countries with different levels of institutional quality. The results suggest that individual trust decreases with length of stay in countries with high corruption and low rule of law. The effect is relativ

Role of the DNA damage response in human papillomavirus RNA splicing and polyadenylation

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have evolved to use the DNA repair machinery to replicate its DNA genome in differentiated cells. HPV activates the DNA damage response (DDR) in infected cells. Cellular DDR factors are recruited to the HPV DNA genome and position the cellular DNA polymerase on the HPV DNA and progeny genomes are synthesized. Following HPV DNA replication, HPV late gene expression is

Extended high-frequency pure tone hearing thresholds and core executive functions

Objective: To examine the relationship between extended high-frequency pure tone hearing thresholds (frequencies 10 to 14 kHz) and working memory capacity (WMC), inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. Design: Experimental study measuring correlations between different high-frequency hearing threshold measures and cognitive measures. Study: Pure tone audiometry was assessed in the extended

Rapid syntactic pre-activation in Broca’s area : Concurrent electrophysiological and haemodynamic recordings

Listeners are constantly trying to predict what the speaker will say next. We concurrently measured the electrophysiological and haemodynamic correlates of syntactic pre-activation, investigating when and where the brain processes speech melody cues to upcoming word order structure. Pre-activation of syntactic structure was reflected in a left-lateralised pre-activation negativity (PrAN), which wasListeners are constantly trying to predict what the speaker will say next. We concurrently measured the electrophysiological and haemodynamic correlates of syntactic pre-activation, investigating when and where the brain processes speech melody cues to upcoming word order structure. Pre-activation of syntactic structure was reflected in a left-lateralised pre-activation negativity (PrAN), which wa

Unrelated knowledge combinations : The unexplored potential for regional industrial path development

The article engages in a critical discussion of the related variety/regional branching argument and foregrounds a more differentiated perspective on regional industrial path development. It contributes by (i) sharpening the definition of key concepts, namely specialisation and diversity, related and unrelated variety; (ii) discussing their relevance in local and nonlocal spaces; (iii) scrutinizing

Coffee is associated with lower breast tumor insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 levels in normal-weight patients and improved prognosis following tamoxifen or radiotherapy treatment

Coffee is associated with decreased breast cancer risk, but the impact of body mass index (BMI) in combination with coffee consumption on prognosis is unclear. The suppressive effect of coffee constituents on the insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) levels in breast cancer cells may play a role. The aim was to investigate the prognostic impact of coffee consumption and possible associatio

Noise in the Tropical Underground

Interest in experimental music scenes from a global perspective has grown in recent years as familiar avant-garde art forms are found ensconced in various communities in many parts of the world. Often, the aesthetic expression found in these scenes could be understood as a mixture of a globally recognized phenomena, such as noise art, and distinctive practices drawn from the situated local culture

Geophysical pre-investigation for a Stockholm tunnel project : Joint inversion and interpretation of geoelectric and seismic refraction data in an urban environment

Underground constructions for public traffic purposes are becoming increasingly important for urban areas in order to use the limited space more efficiently. Several electric resistivity tomography and seismic refraction tomography measurements were performed crossing a water passage near Stockholm during the pre-investigation phase of a tunnel building project. The objective was to determine the

The ELI-ALPS facility : The next generation of attosecond sources

This review presents the technological infrastructure that will be available at the Extreme Light Infrastructure Attosecond Light Pulse Source (ELI-ALPS) international facility. ELI-ALPS will offer to the international scientific community ultrashort pulses in the femtosecond and attosecond domain for time-resolved investigations with unprecedented levels of high quality characteristics. The laser

Femtosecond and nanometre visualization of structural dynamics in superheated nanoparticles

The ability to observe ultrafast structural changes in nanoscopic samples is essential for understanding non-equilibrium phenomena such as chemical reactions, matter under extreme conditions, ultrafast phase transitions and intense light-matter interactions. Established imaging techniques are limited either in time or spatial resolution and typically require samples to be deposited on a substrate,

Underwater ERT surveying in water with resistivity layering with example of application to site investigation for a rock tunnel in central Stockholm

We present an approach to underwater electrical resistivity tomography surveying under conditions with several water layers with different resistivity in the water above the electrode layout. The approach is verified against a synthetic model example and tested in full scale on data from a field survey. The field survey was carried out in central Stockholm as part of pre-investigations for a new m

When beggars are choosers—How nesting of a solitary bee is affected by temporal dynamics of pollen plants in the landscape

Wild bees are declining in intensively farmed regions worldwide, threatening pollination services to flowering crops and wild plants. To halt bee declines, it is essential that conservation actions are based on a mechanistic understanding of how bee species utilize landscapes. We aimed at teasing apart how foraging resources in the landscape through the nesting season affected nesting and reproduc