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What is a Ray?

We define a ray, show how to use ray intervals, and demonstrate how to specify a ray using DirectX Raytracing (DXR).

‘Old wine in new bottles’? Smart Specialisation in Wales

This paper explores the translation and implementation of Smart Specialisation in Wales. It finds that rather than taking a new approach to innovation policy, Welsh policy-makers are following a largely cluster-based rationale, which omits the important entrepreneurial discovery process to identify the real strengths of the region. The fresh idea presented by this paper is that a replication of pa

A framework for analysing the role of innovation policy in regional innovation system development

This paper develops a framework for analysing the role of innovation policy in regional innovation system (RIS) development. It specifically focuses on the influence of policy on a set of enabling conditions for RIS that have not been taken fully into account in previous innovation policy studies. Drawing on relevant literature on innovation systems, such as innovation policy, triple helix and pol

Regional competitiveness and Schumpeterian development: policy evolution in Wales

Changing patterns of economic activity and their consequential impacts on rates of development have brought competitiveness to the top of many political and policy-making agendas. Ensuring that regional competitiveness is retained and enhanced is a common concern across the globe, although the nature of these concerns may differ according to past histories and future expectations (Huggins et al.,

Excess body weight, weight gain and obesity-related cancer risk in women in Norway : the Norwegian Women and Cancer study

Background: Excess body weight and weight gain have been reported to independently increase the risk of several cancers. There are few published studies in nationally representative populations of women on specific, ‘obesity-related’ cancers in relation to prior weight change and relevant confounders. Methods: Based on self-reported anthropometry, we prospectively assessed body mass index (BMI), w

User participation in public urban woodland management – drivers and impact on green space quality

There is widespread agreement on the many benefits citizens gain from recreational use of local green spaces such as urban woodlands, and the importance of involving users in the development of their everyday landscapes. Despite this, the impact of userparticipation on the quality of public green spaces has not been thoroughly studied. In this PhD thesis, resident participation in public urban woo

Water mist fire protection systems : The development of testing procedures for marine and heritage applications

Även om man redan under 1930- och 40 talen förstod att små vattendroppar under vissa förutsättningar kan förbättra släckeffektiviteten för vatten jämfört med större vattendroppar och slutna vattenstrålar, så var det inte förrän på 1990 talet som tekniken med fasta system med ”vattendimma” kommersialiserades. Incitamentet var i första hand det så kallade Montrealprotokollet och branden ombord på paModern, commercial water mist fire protection system technology evolved at the beginning of the 1990s due a need to replace halon fire-extinguishing systems and improve fire safety on passenger ships. This thesis documents the unknown water mist system development work by two Swedish companies during the 1970s and 1980s. It also documents the development of the first international installation rec

Simulation of construction operations applied to in situ concrete frameworks

The erection process of in situ cast concrete frameworks in multi-storey housing consists of multiple on site activities in which labour, equipment and materials are interacting in a complex system. Studies have shown that the current process involves a wide range of non-value adding activities, resulting in poor process efficiency. This paper presents a model developed for discrete-event simulati

A ribonucleotide reductase from Clostridium botulinum reveals distinct evolutionary pathways to regulation via the overall activity site

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a central enzyme for DNA building block synthesis. Most aerobic organisms, including nearly all eukaryotes, have class I RNRs consisting of R1 and R2 subunits. The catalytic R1 subunit contains an overall activity site that can allosterically turn the enzyme on or off by the binding of ATP or dATP, respectively. The mechanism behind the ability to turn the enzyme

Det konstruktiva beroendet : Feministisk teologi i ett individualistiskt samhälle

Human dependence is a phenomenon with above all negative connotations. We tend to associate it either with addiction or an economic, social and emotional lack of independence and view it as an impediment to women’s liberation. Dependence has been viewed as mutually exclusive to freedom. This is particularly the case in a country like Sweden, where independence is built in to the societal system so

Ecological indicator and traits values for Swedish vascular plants

We introduce and provide a new data-set of species-specific ecological indicator values (alternative ‘Ellenberg values’ for climatic variables, light, moisture, soil reaction/pH, salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus plus response to management and disturbance), physiological and reproductive traits (including symbionts, phenology, pol- linators, nectar production, seed properties), indices of relevanWe introduce and provide a new data-set of species-specific ecological indicator values (alternative ‘Ellenberg values’ for climatic variables, light, moisture, soil reaction/pH, salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus plus response to management and disturbance), physiological and reproductive traits (including symbionts, phenology, pol- linators, nectar production, seed properties), indices of relevan