In this article we define a new concept that has not previously been theorized: non-Muslim Islam. We argue that theories and methodologies within Islamic studies produce a hierarchy between Muslim and non-Muslim productions of Islam, prioritizing the first. However, this article highlights that Islam may be produced for other purposes than belief in a deity; Islam may for example be important in p

Astrophysical neutrinos are excellent probes of astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. With energies far beyond solar, supernovae, atmospheric, and accelerator neutrinos, high-energy and ultra-high-energy neutrinos probe fundamental physics from the TeV scale to the EeV scale and beyond. They are sensitive to physics both within and beyond the Standard Model through their production mechan

The brain systems of episodic memory and oculomotor control are tightly linked, suggesting a crucial role of eye movements in memory. But little is known about the neural mechanisms of memory formation across eye movements in unrestricted viewing behavior. Here, we leverage simultaneous eye tracking and EEG recording to examine episodic memory formation in free viewing. Participants memorized mult

Research on what makes people walk/cycle for tourism is significantly understudied in relation to smart app use among Asians. To bridge this gap, this work proposes and verifies an integrated research framework that includes environment and health factors, along with heavy versus non-heavy users of smart apps based on PLS-SEM and fsQCA. Public health has a positively significant impact on behavior

Although physical activity and sedentary behavior are moderately heritable, little is known about the mechanisms that influence these traits. Combining data for up to 703,901 individuals from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies yields 99 loci that associate with self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time (MVPA), le

This chapter is an attempt to rectify one of the main shortfalls of the constitutive approach of communication (CCO): the absence of neoliberal capitalism in its conception of both communication and organizations. Any theory of the social must at least consider the current social order at hand, which we refer to as neoliberal capitalism. Building on the theoretical premise that communication is a

Speaker localization using microphone arrays depends on accurate time delay estimation techniques. For decades, methods based on the generalized cross correlation with phase transform (GCC-PHAT) have been widely adopted for this purpose. Recently, the GCC-PHAT has also been used to provide input features to neural networks in order to remove the effects of noise and reverberation, but at the cost

At Alvotech, bioreactors are used for the production of biosimilars. During the production scale-up process, issues can arise at larger scale that are difficult to predict based on physical experiments. Using CFD, two 3D bioreactor models of different scales have been created, namely the 15L HyPerformaTM Glass Bioreactor and 250L HyPerformaTM Single-Use Bioreactor, both manufactured by Thermo FishDuring bioreactor scale-up, unexpected failures become more prevalent due to the increase in volume. A comparison of mixing performance was thus made using computational modeling for two bioreactors at different scales. At the biopharmaceutical company Alvotech, bioreactors are used at different scales for producing biological medicines known as biosimilars. Bioreactors are vessels containing a m

Optical properties of soot have been investigated with and without potassium chloride (KCl) salt added to the soot formation process in a premixed ethylene/air flame. A strong decrease in optical absorption efficiency of the soot was observed with increasing amounts of KCl added to the fuel based on the method of fluence curve analysis using laser-induced incandescence (LII). To understand the rea

The origin of the common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) populations in south-eastern Europe (namely in Bulgaria and Romania), representing the north-eastern range border of this species, was addressed using mitochondrial DNA. We compared cytochrome b sequences from Bulgaria and Romania with those from the contiguous range in Central Europe that are available from previous studies. We recorded fiv

Recently, in [11], the “coin-turning walk” was introduced on Z. It is a non-Markovian process where the steps form a (possibly) time-inhomogeneous Markov chain. In this article, we follow up the investigation by introducing analogous processes in Zd, d ≥ 2: at time n the direction of the process is “updated” with probability pn; otherwise the next step repeats the previous one. We study some of th

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgery and anesthesia. This document represents the first international consensus statement for the perioperative management of patients with pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. It includes recommendations for managing patients with PH being considered for surgery, including preoperative ri

Ultrafast electron dynamics in quantum cascade lasers hold enormous potential for the implementation of intense, compact mode-locked terahertz sources, squeezed terahertz light, frequency mixers, and comb-based metrology systems. Yet the important sub-cycle dynamics have been notoriously difficult to access in operational terahertz quantum cascade lasers. Here we show the first field-resolved two-

Background purpose: A substantial number of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) experience multiple acute lesions (MAL). We here aimed to scrutinize MAL in a large radiologically deep-phenotyped cohort. Materials and methods: Analyses relied upon imaging and clinical data from the international MRI-GENIE study. Imaging data comprised both Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) for white

We consider a spectral problem associated with steady water waves of extreme form on the free surface of a rotational flow. It is proved that the spectrum of this problem contains arbitrary large negative eigenvalues and they are simple. Moreover, the asymptotics of such eigenvalues is obtained.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive, uncommon malignancy, with variation in operative approaches adopted across centres and few large-scale studies to guide practice. We aimed to identify the extent of heterogeneity in GBC internationally to better inform the need for future multicentre studies. Methods: A 34-question online survey was disseminated to members of the European-Afri