The reporting obligations under the TRIPS Agreement should provide a basis for discovering how the developed countries provide incentives to enterprises and institutions in their territories for the purpose of promoting and encouraging technology transfer and if these activities lead to concrete and helpful best industry practices. The obligations must be seen in their context. Other international

Hur viktiga är rummets belysning och färgsättning för människans välbefinnande, trivsel och prestation? Finns det några generella regler för hur en bra ljus- och färgsättning ska se ut? Kan forskningen bidra med några vettiga besked eller är allt till sist ändå bara en fråga om tycke och smak? Med utgångspunkt i miljöpsykologisk forskning behandlas kontorsmiljön under rubrikerna: Rummets färger; F

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This article describes factors influencing investments in skills training as well as related outcomes in terms of participation rates and benefits on an individual and societal level. Market mechanisms largely drive human capital investments. According to this logic, workers and employers conduct a cost–benefit analysis, weighing expected payoffs against expected costs and investing accordingly. A

The idiom ‘for someone’s sake’ plays a central role in recent attempts to understand the distinction between impersonal values and personal values—e.g. between what is valuable or good, period, and what is valuable for or good for someone. In the first section three historical approaches to this distinction are outlined. Section 2 presents a modified fitting-attitude (FA) analysis of final ‘value-

Vision sensors are built from a camera and intelligent hardware and/or software. Steadily decreasing microelectronic costs have spawned a large number of vision sensory applications, such as surface defect detection. A constructive method for defect detection entails a mixture of mathematical and intelligent modules. Such a heterogeneous modular system can be realized in many ways. In this paper w

Popular Abstract in Swedish Genteknik innebär stora möjligheter att förändra och förbättra organismers egenskaper. Genom att i en organism föra in en främmande gen kan man ge den helt nya egenskaper som den aldrig skulle ha förvärvat på naturlig väg. Genmodifierade bakterier odlas idag industriellt i stora bioreaktorer för tillverkning av olika proteiner, till exempel insulin till diabetiker, humaVitreoscilla is an obligate aerobic bacterium living in oxygen-poor environments such as stagnant ponds and decaying vegetable matter. Vitreoscilla expresses a homodimeric haemoglobin (VHb) when subjected to oxygen-limited conditions. In several organisms, expression of VHb has been shown to increase microaerobic cell growth and enhance oxygen-dependent cell metabolism. Moreover, the presence of V