The study aims were to estimate the radiation dose in patients examined with low dose spine CT and to compare it with that received by patients undergoing standard CT for trauma of the same region, as well as to evaluate the impact of dose reduction on image quality. Radiation doses in 113 consecutive low dose spine CTs were compared with those in 127 CTs for trauma. The inter- and intraobserver a

Allozyme and morphological differentiation patterns within the Carex flava complex in Fennoscandia were described by means of multivariate analyses. As a result of these studies, and considering also data on ecology, distribution and hybridization, the following taxa were recognized: C. flava with no infraspecific taxa, C. lepidocarpa with two subspecies, ssp. lepidocarpa and ssp. jemtlandica, C.

BACKGROUND: An open access technique might reduce severe vascular and visceral injuries. An open access technique through the umbilical cicatrix tube has been developed as a routine method with the goal to be easy, safe and used by all surgeons in patients without a previous midline incision. AIM: To evaluate the open technique in a prospective study in 100 consecutive laparoscopic operations rega

The pathogenesis of primary dysmenorrhea is still poorly understood. The objective of the present investigation was to study differences in plasma concentrations of reproductive hormones in women with primary dysmenorrhea vs. healthy controls. In a prospective, parallel-group study we determined the plasma concentrations of oxytocin, vasopressin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hor

The first meeting of international specialists in the field of von Willebrand disease (VWD) was held in the Åland islands in 1998 where Erik von Willebrand had first observed a bleeding disorder in some members of a family from Föglö and a summary of the meeting was published in 1999. The second meeting was held in 2010 and a report of the meeting was published in 2012. Topics covered included pro

Phthalic anhydride (PA) is a reactive low molecular weight compound used in the chemical industry. The exposure of PA may lead to work-related airway diseases such as rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, and asthma. The exposure gives rise to an increase in hapten-specific IgG antibodies in workers but with a low presence of specific IgE antibodies. In this study, the binding of PA to human hemoglobin (H

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. A new risk assessment model for VTE in relation to pregnancy has been introduced in Sweden. We wished to determine the proportion of preventable VTE cases if the model had been in use and make a brief cost-benefit analysis. METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective case-control study of a

In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Ma et al. (2012) report a differentiation protocol for generating striatal projection neurons from human embryonic stem cells with high efficiency. The cells survive transplantation, reconnect striatal circuitry, and restore motor function in a mouse model of striatal neurodegeneration that mimics the central pathohology of Huntington's disease.

BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate the underlying causes and management of hyponatremia in an unselected population presenting with hyponatremia to the emergency department. METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective hospital record study was performed. A database search

Nerve injuries extend from simple nerve compression lesions to complete nerve injuries and severe lacerations of the nerve trunks. A specific problem is brachial plexus injuries where nerve roots can be ruptured, or even avulsed from the spinal cord, by traction. An early and correct diagnosis of a nerve injury is important. A thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the peripheral nerve trunk as well

A Cochrane metaanalysis and a study performed on children have recently confirmed that therapeutic hypothermia does not improve outcome after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is not comparable to a short episode of global ischemia, where therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to improve outcome. The difference may be explained by the fact that hypothermia-induced stress after a traumatic b