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Background: The teenage years are the years when adolescents seek their identity, and part of this involves experimenting with tobacco. The use of tobacco as such, and norms among their friends, is more important to the adolescents than the norms of parents when it comes to using tobacco or not. The aim was to explore the significance of using snus for adolescents, and attitudes to snus, as well a
The deswelling behavior of cross-linked DNA gels reports on DNA-cosolute interactions and gives a basis for the development of responsive DNA formulations. An investigation of the deswelling kinetics shows that an increase in the surfactant tail length gives a pronouncedly slower deswelling kinetics. In the same conditions, single stranded gels exhibited faster deswelling kinetics when compared wi
Sverige har ett mäktigt parlament, kanske det mäktigaste i den demokratiska världen. I avsaknad av alla de viktiga instrumenten för horisontell maktdelning har all offentlig makt samlats i riksdagen. Det är dock inte liktydigt med att de svenska riksdagsledamöterna är inflytelserika i motsvarande grad. I vad mån så är fallet bestäms av en rad faktorer, inte minst av valsystemet. Men också riksdage
The current and future emissions regulations and demands on internal combustion engines have increased the need for improvement of the thermal design and engine ef ciency. This paper reports an initial investigation concerning in-cylinder heat transfer. In addition, a literature review in this eld is presented. It was found that no extensive application studies have been performed on full cylinder
Many aspects of human physiology and behavior are seasonally related. Although there are many studies using self-ratings of, for example, subjective health and stress, few involve adjusting effects for seasonal differences. To estimate the need of adjusting for season in field studies, 24 healthy men and women were studied in a design that required them to fill in questionnaires on one workday eve
This paper analyses a specific stage in the development of alignment system in Indo-European languages. It is argued that one of the most crucial stages is the appearance of binary features, which allows the language to develop into a form ready for dealing with complex functional demands.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hjärnan är ett organ som utgör 2 % av kroppsvikten men som mottar ca 20 % av hjärtats minut volym och har en mycket hög energi konsumtion. I samband med en blodpropp i något av hjärnas blodkärl eller att ett av hjärnans kärl brister får man en stroke eller cerebral ischemi. Man har under många decennier inriktad sig på den akuta behandlingen på att finna ett sätt att reCerebral arteries participate actively in the response that follows an episode of cerebral ischemia in man and rat. It has been shown that the vascular endothelin receptor expression is increased in stroke and organ culture. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated the intracellular signalling pathways, leading to the enhanced expression of vascular endothelin receptors. We have revealed that both c
Stigma and discrimination are still prominent features of the life situation of persons with mental illness, adding to the burden of the illness, causing a lowered self-esteem, quality of life and affecting possibilities of adequate housing and work. It is also a major barrier to help seeking. The deinstitutionalization of mental health services has led to a significant increase in contacts betwee
Popular Abstract in Swedish Näthinnan (retina) ligger längst bak i ögat och fungerar som filmen i en kamera. Stavar och tappar registrerar ljus och signalen går via nerver till syncentra i hjärnan. Blodkärl löper genom näthinnan och förser cellerna med syre och näring samt transporterar bort slaggprodukter. Kärlsjukdomar, som t.ex. diabetes, blodproppar i näthinnan till följd av åderförkalkning ocRetinal ischaemia resulting from e.g. diabetes, vein thrombosis or arterial occlusion, is one of the major causes of visual impairment and blindness. Although new methods of treatment are being developed, there is still a need for more effective pharmacological forms of treatment. The aim of this work was to develop an appropriate animal model of retinal ischaemia in which the intracellular signal
Raoul Wallenberg har varit omdiskuterad såväl i Sverige som i utlandet efter hans försvinnande 1947. Uppmärksamheten för honom har gått i vågor. Ett särskilt fokus i artikeln är hur han framställs och brukas 2012, då hundraårsminnet av hans födelse uppmärksammas.
Objective: To study prescription patterns of biological treatment in rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) patients in southern Sweden, a region with no formal or economic restrictions for the use of biological treatment in rheumatological diseases. Specifically, we studied conformity with the national Swedish guidelines for biologics in RA. Methods: Rheumatologists in southern Sweden contribute to a volunta
I kanadensiska mi'kmaqberättelser, vilka nedtecknades under tiden som gruppen levde som jägare och samlare, finna flera skildringar av djur som flitiga agenter. Det finns till och med berättelser om äktenskap mellan människor och djur som dock alltid slutar olyckligt. Hur ska dessa berättelser läsas? Som nonsens eller säger de något om gränser och förhållningssätt till det vi i väst dikotomiserat
Trigonal-planar, middle transition metal diiminato-imido complexes do not exhibit high-spin states, as might be naively expected on the basis of their low coordination numbers. Instead, the known Fe(III), Co(III), and Ni(III) complexes exhibit S = (3)/(2), S = 0, and S = (1)/(2), ground states, respectively. Kohn-Sham DFT calculations have provided a basic molecular orbital picture of these compou
A numerical model of beach topography evolution was developed. The model includes five sub-models: random wave transformation model, surface roller model, wave-induced current model, sediment transport model, and morphological change model. The model was validated by two unique high-quality data sets obtained from experiments on the morphological impact of a detached breakwater and a T-head groin
