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The emission spectra from the ablation of airborne alumina nanoparticles by a 532 nm nanosecond pulsed laser are investigated to clarify the underlying mechanism and the applicability of different laser diagnostic techniques such as the laser-induced incandescence (LII) and the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The particles were observed to be completely ablated above the laser fluence
Darcy’s law provides a fundamental framework for understanding fluid flow through porous media. However, deviations from its linear superficial velocity-hydraulic gradient (v-i) relationship have been widely reported, at high and low flow rates. While previous studies have attributed the low flow rate deviations to factors such as fluid properties, boundary effects, and experimental artifacts, the
BackgroundPain is prevalent in spina bifida (SB), yet, it has received limited attention in research and healthcare.ObjectiveTo investigate pain severity, common pain sites, and pain interference with daily activities and sleep in individuals with SB.MethodsLiterature was last searched in Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and Academic Search Complete in July 2024. Inclusion criteria
ABSTRACT Child undernutrition remains a significant public health issue in Bangladesh, with high rates of stunting, wasting, and underweight. The Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) offers a comprehensive tool for assessing overall undernutrition. Although previous studies in Bangladesh have utilized CIAF, they have relied on older datasets. Estimating the current status is essential
Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important target for positron emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography (CT) in prostate cancer. In addition to overexpression in prostate cancer cells, PSMA is expressed in healthy cells in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. Consequently, PSMA PET is being explored for renal functional imaging. Left and right renal uptake of P
Sveriges tillväxt i förhållande till utvecklingen i vår omvärld uppvisar tre faser under de senaste 170 åren. Från 1890 till 1950 hade Sverige högre tillväxt än jämförbara länder. Sedan följde en fas med eftersläpning till omkring sekelskiftet 2000. Marknadshämmande regleringar av det finansiella systemet var en huvudorsak till eftersläpningen. Efter den finansiella avregleringen börjar en tredje
Non-polar and semi-polar III-nitrides have beneficial properties for various electronic applications such as light emitting diodes and photodetectors due to the elimination or reduction of polarization effects. However, cost-effective manufacturing of non-polar and semi-polar III-nitride films with sufficient film quality is not feasible yet. We report an investigation of the morphological and str
Objective: To analyze the outcomes of urgent/emergent endovascular aortic repair of patients with free/contained ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (rTAAA). Background: Endovascular repair of rTAAA has been scarcely described in emergent setting. Methods: An international multicenter retrospective observational study (ClinicalTrials.govID:NCT05956873) from January 2015 to January 2023 in 6
The current classification of diabetes had its genesis over 85 years ago, when individuals with diabetes were first subclassified into insulin sensitive and insulin insensitive states based on the response to an oral glucose tolerance test. About 35 years later, the contemporary classifications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes were coined. Today's evidence, however, suggests that multiple etiologic a
Aims: Improved dietary habits are important for successful secondary prevention after myocardial infarction (MI), with counselling and support on healthy dietary habits constituting a cornerstone of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, there is limited knowledge on how to optimize CR organization to motivate patients to adopt healthy dietary habits. We aimed to explore associations between CR pro
Objective: Cushing's disease (CD) is associated with severely impaired quality of life and shortened life expectancy. Little is known about the socioeconomic consequences of CD and their impact on long-term outcome. Methods: This was a nationwide study including 371 patients with CD (76% women), diagnosed between 1991 and 2018, and 4 matched controls per patient from the background population. Cli
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are intense, short-lived bursts of gamma-ray radiation observed up to a high redshift (z ∼ 10) due to their luminosities. Thus, they can serve as cosmological tools to probe the early Universe. However, we need a large sample of high-z GRBs, currently limited due to the difficulty in securing time at the large aperture telescopes. Thus, it is painstaking to determine quickl
We introduce a method to enable Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) to simulate from mixed continuous and discrete posterior distributions. In particular, we show how the "Gumbel Max Trick" and the Concrete (Gumbel-softmax) distribution can be used for constructing a continuous approximation of a categorical distribution, and how this distribution can be efficiently implemented for HMC. We also illustra
During the Last Glacial Period (LGP), Greenland experienced approximately 30 abrupt warming phases, known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events, followed by cooling back to baseline glacial conditions. Studies of mean climate change across warming transitions reveal indistinguishable phase offsets between shifts in temperature, dust, sea salt, accumulation, and moisture source, thus preventing a comp
Sociological approaches to culture are divided into interpretive, representational, and embodied perspectives, each grounded in distinct ontologies and causal logics derived from realism and interpretivism. This article aims to bridge embodied and representational approaches and their concomitant philosophies of science. It proposes a concept of meaning-making that unifies representational approacSociological approaches to culture are divided into interpretive, representational, and embodied perspectives, each grounded in distinct ontologies and causal logics derived from realism and interpretivism. This article aims to bridge embodied and representational approaches and their concomitant philosophies of science. It proposes a concept of meaning-making that unifies representational approac
