Vad innebär (och hur kan man bestämma) begreppet ”likhet”, att någonting ”liknar” sig självt eller något annat, att det därmed kan ”identifieras”, att det vidare kan ”för-likas” med ett begrepp och underställas dess identitet? Vad innebär (och hur kan man bestämma) begreppet ”skillnad”, att någon-ting aktivt eller passivt ”skiljer” sig från någonting annat, att ”skillnaden” utesluter och separerar

Objective: In this study we aimed to estimate the magnitude of a possible increase in risk of adverse outcome in fetuses with normal karyotype and increased nuchal translucency (NT), and to determine bow well NT measurements can distinguish between fetuses with normal and adverse outcome. Methods: We studied 16260 consecutive fetuses with normal karyotype derived from an unselected pregnant popula

Studies of circular permutants have demonstrated that the folding reaction of S6 from Thermus thermophilus (S6(T)) is malleable and responds in an ordered manner to changes of the sequence separation between interacting residues: the S6(T) permutants retain a common nucleation pattern in the form of a two-strand-helix motif that can be recruited from different parts of the structure. To further te

About 2-5% of all pregnant women develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during their pregnancies and the prevalence has increased considerably during the last decade. GDM is a heterogeneous disorder that is defined as carbohydrate intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. It is manifested when pancreatic beta cells are no longer able to compensate for the increased insulin

Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs), such aspolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and its major metabolite 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p' -DDE) have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in recent epidemiological studies. We have analysed 2,2',4,4',5,5' -hexachlorobiphenyl (C

Theories of density-dependent natural selection suggest that intraspecific competition will favor juveniles of high competitive ability. Empirical evidence has been provided from laboratory selection experiments, but field studies are lacking due to the logistical difficulties of experimentally manipulating population densities in natural settings. Here, we present data from a decade long experime

Akylphenols (4-nonylphenol, 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenol and 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-ethylphenol) have been directly extracted from water samples using neat supercritical carbon dioxide and collected on an octadecyl silica (ODS) solid phase trap. The extraction cells were equipped with home-built assemblies containing hydrophobic membranes. The assemblies were inserted at each end of t

Road profiles are analyzed with focus on road characteristics essential for heavy vehicle fatigue assessment. Road profile measurements indicate that roads contain short sections with above-average irregularity. Such rough sections are shown to cause most of the vehicle fatigue damage. An algorithm using a spatial-frequency description is developed to automatically identify rough sections. On the

This report describes the design and implementation of {TinyRealTime}, an event-based real-time kernel for the Atmel AVR ATmega8L 8-bit micro-controller. The kernel is event-based and supports fully preemptive earliest-deadline-first scheduling of tasks. Semaphores are provided to support task synchronization. The focus of the report is on the memory management, timing, and internal workings of th

In comparison with other decapods, the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus has little diversity in the external morphology of the setae on the mouth apparatus. In mouthpart areas that frequently touch food items only two types of setae can be distinguished: simple setae and cuspidate setae. Simple setae are by far more numerous. The ultrastructural data presented here show that both types of s

Forskarna Eva-Malin Antoniusson, Arne Kristiansen, Leili Laanemets, Bengt Svensson och Dolf Tops har granskat skriften Sprututbyte – En genomgång av den internationella forskningen och den svenska debatten (Fri förlag 2005) och menar att det är ett exempel på en starkt politiserad kunskapsöversikt.

We have previously identified C1 domain-containing phosphatase and TENsin homologue (C1-TEN) as being an intracellular binding partner for Axl receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). C1-TEN is a tensin-related protein that houses an N-terminal region with predicted structural similarity to PTEN. Here, we report our observations on the effects of ectopic expression of C1-TEN in HEK293 cells, which resulted

A simple and efficient synthetic route to the bicyclic alpha,beta-unsaturated beta-keto ester methyl (3aS,7aS)-6-oxo-2,3,3a,6,7,7ahexahydro-1H-indene-5-carboxylate, a versatile intermediate in the synthesis of biologically active unsaturated 1,4-dialdehydes, is described. The synthesis includes a chirality introducing nonenzymatic asymmetric desymmetrization (ADS) reaction of a cyclic nieso-anhydr

Objectives: Due to the increased diagnosis of prostate cancer at earlier stages and the overall increased use of hormone therapy, also in earlier disease stages, many patients will receive long-term hormone therapy. Therefore, the timing of initiating hormone therapy and the type of hormone therapy have become crucial items in the appropriate management of patients with prostate cancer. in additio

A recent new strategy for the transformation of mono-dioxolane protected 1,3-cyclohexadione into bridgehead hydroxyl bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives, based on allylindation followed by ozonolysis and intramolecular aldol addition, was modified to include asymmetric allylindation. This enabled the first enantioselective synthesis of (1R,4R,6S)-endo-4-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silyloxy)-6-hydroxy-bicycl

The Na-33 beta decay was studied online using mass separation techniques and a first description of the level structure of the neutron-rich isotope Mg-33, with N=21, has been obtained. The experiment involved the measurement of beta-gamma, beta-gamma-gamma, and beta -n-gamma coincidences as well as neutron spectra by time-of-flight technique. The first low energy level scheme for the daughter nucl