Rare earth element (REE) recycling remains low at 1%, despite significant uncertainties related to future supply and demand and EU 2020 energy efficiency objectives. We use a global production network framework of REE flows from mine to REE phosphors in energy-efficient lamps to illustrate the potential of closed-loop recycling for secondary supply under different scenarios of primary supply and f

The intestinal microbiota displays dramatic changes in the ICU patient, with a loss of the entire beneficial lactic bacterial flora. In situations of hyperinflammation followed by immune paresis that are due to the acute disease but also to chronic diseases and drugs used, it is crucial to reestablish inflammatory and immune homeostasis, and microbiota manipulations with probiotics or synbiotics i

Background: In children with hypoplasia or aplasia of the radius (radial longitudinal deficiency) manual activity limitations may be caused by several factors; a short and bowed forearm, radial deviation of the wrist, a non-functional or absent thumb, limited range of motion in the fingers and impaired grip strength. The present study investigates the relation between these variables and activity

The hadronic part of the electron structure function F-2(e) has been measured for the first time, using e(+)e(-) data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP, at centre-of-mass energies of root s = 91.2-209.5 GeV. The data analysis is simpler than that of the measurement of the photon structure function. The electron structure function F-2(e) data are compared to predictions of phenomenological

Objectives To describe the gray-scale and vascular characteristics of endometrial cancer in relation to stage, grade and size using two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound. Methods This was a prospective multicenter study including 144 women with endometrial cancer undergoing transvaginal ultrasound before surgery. The sonographic characteristics assessed were echogenic

In photonuclear experiments precise location of the photon beam relative to the experimental sample is critical. Previously used techniques such as using photographic film to identify the position, intensity and centroid of the beam is time-consuming and a faster method is required. PILATUS is a single-photon-counting pixel detector developed at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland. It i

We deal with the construction of optimal channel shortening, also known as combined linear Viterbi detection, algorithms for ISI and MIMO channels. In the case of MIMO channel shortening, the tree structure to represent MIMO signals is replaced by a trellis. The optimization is performed from an information theoretical perspective and the achievable information rates of the shortened models are de

Organic farming has the potential to enhance ecosystem services such as crop pollination. However, it is not known if a similar effect can be generated on conventional farms, without reducing external inputs such as inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, by using more complex crop rotations including ley for animal fodder production. In two separate designs, both located in southern Sweden, we test

A patient with an initial diagnosis of TIA presented with a deceptive course of events and unfavorable outcome. Only a non-enhanced brain CT was performed initially. Hemodynamic studies were clone later on and revealed internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection on CT-angiography and evidence of irreversible ischemic changes on perfusion studies indicating that the ischemic process presumably was ong

The “iron triangle” phenomenon, or nexus between politicians, bureaucrats and business, is an important element of the Japanese postwar political economy system, known as the “1955 system” or “Japan Inc.” Although, originally created to facilitate high-speed economic growth by ensuring efficient cooperation between the government and business, over time it became associated with high-profile corru

OBJECTIVE - The efficacy and Safety of adding liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) to Metformin were compared with addition of placebo or glimepiride to metformin in subjects previously treated With oral antidiabetes (OAD) therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - In this 26-week, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group trial, 1,091 subjects were

The discipline of epidemiology, which holds major influence on public health policy as well as on clinical medical practice, has in recent decades to a large extent been concerned with the identification of factors and markers of risk for disease. Much health information and intervention is thus informed by a wealth of studies on a variety of risk factors, of which the individual is encouraged to

We study the dynamic admission control for a finite shared buffer with support of multiclass traffic under Markovian assumptions. The problem is often referred to as buffer sharing in the literature. From the linear programming (LP) formulation of the continuous-time Markov decision process (MDP), we construct a hierarchy of increasingly stronger LP relaxations where the hierarchy levels equal the

Analysis of the novel Die Ästhetik des Widerstands (The Aesthetics of Resistance) by German-Swedish author Peter Weiss (1916-1982). The main question in the analysis is how the novel depicts the the literary work, since the narrator of the novel is a writer.