Background: Innate defence mechanisms of the airways are impaired in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), predisposing patients to lower respiratory tract infections, but less is known about the association with other infections. In this population-based cohort study, we investigated the associations between COPD and invasive bacterial disease by comparing incidence rates of bacteraemia i

This paper considers a single-echelon, continuous review, inventory system with a warehouse facing compound Poisson customer demand. The replenishment lead-time is constant. Demand that cannot be met directly is backordered. There are standard linear holding and backorder costs but no set-up or ordering cost. It is assumed that the demand process starts at a certain given time. Consequently, befor

It has recently been shown that several classical open problems in linear system theory, such as optimization of decentralized output feedback controllers, can be readily solved for positive systems using linear programming. In particular, optimal solutions can be verified for large-scale systems using computations that scale linearly with the number of interconnections. Hence two fundamental adva

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low socioeconomic status is associated with increased incidence of stroke. This study investigated stroke incidence, recurrence, and case-fatality after stroke among middle-aged Swedish men and women and whether this association differs by gender or stroke subtype. METHODS: A total of 69 625 (49% men) citizens, aged 40 to 65 years, living in the city of Malmö in 1990 were s

Pollination by bees is important for food production. Recent concerns about the declines of both domestic and wild bees, calls for measures to promote wild pollinator populations in farmland. However, to be able to efficiently promote and prioritize between measures that benefit pollinators, such as modified land use, agri-environment schemes, or specific conservation measures, it is important to

In order to find the selection rules that can be applied to the electromagnetic transitions when the chiral geometry is achieved, a model for a special configuration in triaxial odd-odd nuclei is constructed which exhibits degenerate chiral bands with a sizable rotation. A quantum number obtained from the invariance of the Hamiltonian is given and the selection rule for electromagnetic transition

Purpose To examine the impact of a new model of care, in which a clinical pharmacist conducts structured medication reviews and a multi-professional team collates systematic medication care plans, on the number of unidentified DRPs in a hospital setting. Methods In a prospective two-period study, patients admitted to an internal medicine ward at the University Hospital of Lund, Sweden, were includ

The surface charge density of C-S-H particles appears to be one of the key parameters for predicting the cohesion strength, understanding the ion retention, the pollutant leakage, and admixture adsorption in hydrated cement pastes. This paper presents a Monte Carlo simulation of the surface-ions interactions that permits the prediction of surface charge density (sigma), electrokinetic potential (z

Biomolecular motors offer self-propelled, directed transport in designed microscale networks and can potentially replace pump-driven nanofluidics. However, in existing systems, transportation is limited to the two-dimensional plane. Here we demonstrate fully one-dimensional (1D) myosin-driven motion of fluorescent probes (actin filaments) through 80 nm wide, Al2O3 hollow nanowires of micrometer le

Recension av Axel Odelberg: Med kungen som verktyg. Historien om försvarsstriden, borggårdskrisen och Sven Hedin.

The book starts in the archaeological excavations at Hovdala castle in northern Skåne. From the results emerging fråm the excavation a journey in time and space leads to a migration period bigfarm at the shore of the Finja lake.. This leads to an analysis of the colonisation and developement of the area up to the 17:th century when the castle was burned by the swedish king Gustavus II.

Granular GaAs:(Mn,Ga)As films were prepared by annealing the Ga0.92Mn0.08As/GaAs layer grown by the MBE method at low temperature. The annealing was performed at 500 or 600 degrees C. It is commonly accepted that this processing should result in formation of cubic zinc blende or hexagonal MnAs inclusions depending on the temperature. We demonstrate that such a priory assumption is not justified. T

We tested the habitat filtering hypothesis by measuring the phylogenetic structure in marine bacterial communities before and after experimentally induced stress. The habitat filtering hypothesis predicts that phylogenetic clustering (mean relatedness) should increase as the environment becomes suitable for only a subset of the original community. We show that community composition and phylogeneti

Photon time-of-flight (PTOF) spectroscopy enables the estimation of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of turbid media by measuring the propagation time of short light pulses through turbid medium. The present investigation provides a comparison of the assessed absorption and reduced scattering coefficients from PTOF measurements of intralipid 20% and India ink-based optical phantoms c

Ostreopsis ovata is a benthic dinoflagellate that produces palytoxin and its analogues. Since the end of the 1990s, toxic blooms of O. ovata have been recorded in many tropical and temperate marine waters. These blooms often kill benthic invertebrates and cause health problems for humans. We hypothesize that increases in seawater temperature might induce these blooms. A strain of O. ovata isolated

Background: Health care providers in many countries have delivered interventions to improve physical activity levels among their patients. Thus far, less is known about the population's interest to increase their physical activity levels and their opinion about the health care provider's role in physical activity promotion. The aims of this paper were to investigate the self-reported physical acti

Elastic simulations of single-crystal copper nanobeams, of different cross section sizes and with crystallographic orientations [100] and [110] along their length directions, have been performed applying tensile mechanical loading. The molecular dynamics code LAMMPS was employed for the simulations. The Poisson's ratio, which is one of the fundamental measures of the elastic deformation behaviour

This paper explores the effects of communication in market entry games experimentally. It is shown that communication increases coordination success substantially and generate inferior outcomes for consumers when market entry costs are symmetric. Such effects are not observed when costs are asymmetric, since asymmetries provide a tacit coordination cue used by experienced players (as a substitute