Retroviral vectors encoding glucose-responsive promoters driving furin expression may provide an amplified, glucose-regulated secretion of insulin. We constructed LhI*TFSN virus to encode a glucose-regulatable transforming growth factor α promoter controlling furin expression with a viral LTR promoter driving constitutive expression of furin-cleavable human proinsulin. Autologous BB rat vascular s

Serpentinite-hosted ecosystems are potential sites where life may first have evolved on Earth. Serpentinization reactions produce strongly reducing and highly alkaline fluids that are typified by high concentrations of molecular hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4), which can be used as an energy source by chemosynthetic life. Low-temperature serpentinization at slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges provides

Analyses of climate engineering (CE) governance have accelerated in the last decade. A key claim is that CE remains a largely ungoverned space, with shared norms, institutional arrangements, and formal rules to regulate CE not yet present. In contrast, here it is argued that de facto governance of CE is underway, discernible in an ordering of this nascent field of inquiry by unacknowledged sources

During fetal development, mammalian back-skin undergoes a natural transition in response to injury, from scarless regeneration to skin scarring. Here, we characterize dermal morphogenesis and follow two distinct embryonic fibroblast lineages, based on their history of expression of the engrailed 1 gene. We use single-cell fate-mapping, live three dimensional confocal imaging and in silico analysis

In this paper we construct a hierarchical model for spatial compositional data which is used to reconstruct past land-cover compositions (in terms of coniferous forest, broadleaved forest, and unforested/open land) for five time periods during the past 6000 years over Europe. The model consists of a Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) with Dirichlet observations. A block updated Markov chain Monte

Technology is a compulsory subject at Swedish elementary schools and, according to the syllabus, helps students develop their ability to examine different technological solutions and reason how these solutions affect society, environment, and humans. An important challenge for educational research is to analyse and understand the consequences and impacts of technologies on students’ learning, well

Writings on the fringe Jewish settler grassroots network known as the Hilltop Youth have proliferated in recent years, following the increase in violent activism associated with the network. But knowledge on this violent activism, called Price Tag, has remained conflicting and problematic. Central questions persist: What is the meaning of Price Tag violence? What explains the increase in the rate

Objective. We aim to determine the correlation between ST-segment changes in leads V4–V6 and the extent of myocardial injury by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with inferior ST elevation (STE) myocardial infarction (iSTEMI). Design. Admission electrocardiogram and CMR data from the MITOCARE trial were used. Differences in mean myocardium at risk, infarct size, ejection fraction and my

Diode laser-based two-line atomic fluorescence (TLAF) thermometry applied to flames of combusting wood pellets is demonstrated. The temperature above burning wood pellets placed in the hot product gas of gallium seeded laminar flames is measured. The calibration-free technique provides spatially resolved temperatures in one dimension with sufficient temporal resolution to resolve all combustion st

Urbanisation and climate change are urging cities to chart novel paths towards sustainable futures. Many cities are turning to the alluring ‘circular economy’ (CE) concept to guide this redirection. The CE concept re-imagines how flows of resources moving through economies might be ‘closed’. Here, we explore this new ‘circular city’ agenda by asking: How are cities adopting CE as a strategy?. We f

Two major fuels commonly used in compression ignition (CI) and spark ignition (SI) enginesare diesel and gasoline. The reserve of diesel and gasoline is limited, however the combustion ofthese fuels giving rise to air pollution. This calls for the search for alternative fuels, preferablyrenewable fuels, and the development of more efficient and clean combustion technologies forinternal combustion

A novel constitutive framework suitable for material interfaces undergoing large deformations in a geometrically exact setting was developed in Ottosen et al. (2016). In contrast to previous works, it permits the description of arbitrary material anisotropies by fulfilling all fundamental balance laws in physics as well as the principle of material objectivity. This paper deals with an efficient f

Ormaplatin ([Pt(dach)Cl4]) represents one of the three primary structural prototypes of Pt(IV) anticancer-active prodrugs. The reduction of ormaplatin by an extended series of thiols has been studied kinetically in a broad pH range. A novel and remarkable correlation between logkRS− and the thiol dissociation constants pKRSH is disclosed: logkRS− = (0.50 ± 0.02)pKRSH + (0.68 ± 0.13), where kRS− de

Passively viewing nature may promote psychological restoration relevant for office work. The objective of this paper is to explore how natural elements in the indoor work environment are experienced. An on-site assessment with between-subjects design (n = 56) and a photo-based assessment with a crossover design (n = 46) compared three interiors of a windowed office setting with either plants, inan