RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Inhaled hyperpolarized (3)He magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been used to measure alveolar size in patients with emphysema. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that (3)He MR images could be used to develop a biomarker of emphysema progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve healthy controls and 18 patients with emphysema (eight current smokers, 10 ex-smoke

When planning optimal conservation strategies for wild and cultivated types of a plant species, a number of influencing biological and environmental factors should be considered from the outset. In the present study Brassica rapa was used to illustrate this: to develop Scandinavian conservation strategies for wild and cultivated B. rapa, DNA-marker analysis was performed on 15 cultivated and 17 wi

Objectives: To compare collagenase injections and surgery (fasciectomy) for Dupuytren's contracture (DC) regarding actual total direct treatment costs and short-term outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Orthopaedic department of a regional hospital in Sweden. Participants: Patients aged 65 years or older with previously untreated DC of 30 degrees or greater in the metacarpophalan

After subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), pathologic changes in cerebral arteries contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia and poor outcome. We hypothesize such changes are triggered by early intracellular signals, targeting of which may prevent SAH-induced vasculopathy. We performed an unbiased quantitative analysis of early SAH-induced phosphorylations in cerebral arteries and evaluated identified sig

The knowledge of migration systems in long-distance regular migrants is in many cases extensive. Our understanding of the migratory characteristics of partial migrants, on the other hand, is far more rudimentary. We investigated migratory characteristics of partially migratory Blue Tits Cyanistes caeruleus using ringing recoveries of Swedish birds, to answer questions about geographic migration pa

The presence of metal resistance determinants in bacteria usually is attributed to geological or anthropogenic metal contamination in different environments or associated with the use of antimicrobial metals in human healthcare or in agriculture. While this is certainly true, we hypothesize that protozoan predation and macrophage killing are also responsible for selection of copper/zinc resistance

There are few studies on phenylisocyanate (PhI) exposure, although there are studies indicating that PhI is a very potent chemical sensitizer. The aim of this study was to evaluate aniline in urine and plasma as possible biomarkers of exposure to PhI. Occupational airborne exposure to PhI was measured during one day for 11 workers exposed to thermal degradation products from polyurethane with filt

BACKGROUND: A diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility by in vitro contraction testing can often only be performed at specialized laboratories far away from where patients live. Therefore, we have designed a protocol for genetic screening of the RYR1-cDNA and for functional testing of newly identified ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene variants in B lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blo

Purpose The benefit of repairing a 75% partial flexor tendon laceration remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of gap formation with and without repair when the 75% lacerated tendon is subjected to cyclic loading. Repair with only a peripheral suture was compared to that using a core and peripheral repair technique. Methods Sixteen deep flexor tendons from sheep

Popular Abstract in Swedish Beräkningsmässigt skalar många av de klassiska metoderna inom spatiell statistik kubiskt med antalet observationer, vilket är opraktiskt om datamängderna är stora. I de traditionella tillämpningarna av statistik på spatiella datamänger begränsades ofta antalet observationer på grund av höga mätkostnader och metodernas beräkningskomplexitet inte sällan ett problem. NumerThe focus of this work is on the development of new random field models and methods suitable for the analysis of large environmental data sets. A large part is devoted to a number of extensions to the newly proposed Stochastic Partial Differential Equation (SPDE) approach for representing Gaussian fields using Gaussian Markov Random Fields (GMRFs). The method is based on that Gaussian Matérn fie

Popular Abstract in Swedish Var tredje svensk kommer någon gång under sitt liv att drabbas av cancer. Ärftlighet är en stark riskfaktor för såväl tjocktarmscancer (kolorektal cancer) som för äggstockscancer (ovarialcancer). Vid ärftlig cancer har man ärvt en förändring i arvsmassan (DNA:t), och en medfödd defekt finns således i alla kroppens celler. Vid Lynch syndrom, ett ärftligt cancersyndrom, fLynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) is one of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes and predisposes to several cancer types, including cancer of the colorectum, endometrium and ovaries. Cancer develops at an early age and one third of the individuals are affected by a metachronous cancer. Recognition of families with Lynch syndrome is important since this allows inclus

OBJECTIVE-Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a major effector in insulin signaling. rs361072, located in the promoter of the gene (PIK3CB) for the p110 beta subunit, has previously been found to be associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in obese subjects. The aim was to investigate the influence of rs361072 on in vivo glucose metabolism, skeletal muscle PI3K

Wnt5a is a non-canonical secreted glycoprotein of the Wnt family that plays an important role in cancer development and progression. Previous studies report that Wnt5a is upregulated in prostate cancer and suggested that Wnt5a affects migration and invasion of prostate tumor cell. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of Wnt5a protein expression in prostate cancer tissue and its potent

Optical mapping of genomic DNA is of relevance for a plethora of applications such as scaffolding for sequencing and detection of structural variations as well as identification cif pathogens like bacteria and viruses. For future clinical applications it is desirable to have a fast and robust mapping method based on as few steps as possible. We here demonstrate a single-step method to obtain a DNA

Formation of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche in bone marrow (BM) is tightly associated with endochondral ossification, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. We used the oc/oc mouse, a mouse model with impaired endochondral ossification caused by a loss of osteoclast (OCL) activity, to investigate the role of osteoblasts (OBLs) and OCLs in the HSC niche formation. The absence o

The aim of this paper is to show that there is a reciprocal dependency relationship between social cognition and social ontology. It is argued that, on the one hand, the existence conditions of socially meaningful objects and of social groups are about subjects’ social cognitive processes and interactive patterns and, on the other hand, social cognitive processes and interactive patterns are modul

Denna artikel är en reflektion över högskolepedagogikens historia, nutid och framtid. I den identifieras två strategier som kan ses som syftet med en högskolepedagogisk utbildning för universitetslärare: motstånd mot negativa konsekvenser av den oerhörda förändring som skett av universiteten de senaste decennierna, samt anpassning till en överlevnad och sökandet efter styrka i dessa förändringar.