We analyzed the reactivity of three different commercially available rat monoclonal antibodies raised against mouse laminin-a1 beta 1 gamma 1 (laminin-11), AL-1, AL-2, and AL-4. Using ELISA assays, Western blot analysis and inummostainings we present refined epitope maps for these three laminin monoclonals. AL-1 reacted, as predicted with laminin alpha 1 chain. AL-4 has also been marketed as an al

Endoglucanases (EGI) (endo-1,4-β-d-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.4, Cel7B) of Trichoderma reesei are industrially important enzymes. Thus, there is a great need for development of a primary recovery method suitable for large-scale utilization. In this study we present a concept applicable for large-scale purification of an EGI fusion protein by one-step extraction in a poly(ethylene glycol)

We analyze the impact of the matching network on compact multiple-input multiple-output systems. Existing studies have found that the matching network has a significant influence on the performance of multiple antenna systems when the antennas are in close proximity. However, none has examined the wide-band case. In this paper, we investigate the wide-band performance of four different matching ne

My thesis is an attempt to give a minimalist account of word formation in Swedish. (See Chomsky (1993) and (1994).) In the main part of my thesis I demonstrate how the proposed system accounts for the central aspects of Swedish word formation. Simple words, compounds, and derivations alike are described as formed by Generalized Transformations, primarily by Merge, but also by Move. From a lexicon

A series of proteins and one membrane-bound peptide have been partitioned in aqueous two-phase systems consisting of micelle-forming block copolymers from the family of Pluronic block copolymers as one polymer component and dextran T500 as the other component. The Pluronic molecule is a triblock copolymer of the type PEO-PPO-PEO, where PEO and PPO are poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide)

Previously the screening of tropical plants demonstrated a high peroxidase activity in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) tubers. The major peroxidase pool is localized in peel. Using peel of sweet potato as a source, the sweet potato peroxidase (SPP) has been isolated and purified to homogeneity. The enzyme purification included homogenization, extraction of colored compounds and consecutive chromato

Molecular engineering of ligand-binding proteins is commonly used for identification of variants that display novel specificities. Using this approach to introduce novel specificities into CBMs (carbohydrate-binding modules) has not been extensively explored. Here, we report the engineering of a CBM, CBM42 from the Rhodothermits marinus xylanase Xyn10A, and the identification of the X-2 variant. A

The clinical course in urinary bladder cancer is difficult or impossible to predict based on conventional disease parameters. It is a reasonable hypothesis that the genetic aberrations acquired by the tumor cells, being instrumental in bringing about the disease in the first place, may also hold the key to more reliable prognostication. However, though 200 transitional cell carcinomas (TCC), the m

Rhizotrons provide valuable information about plant root production, but measurements are usually made in units of root length per unit surface area of observation window surface. These measurement units are not easily comparable to above-ground plant growth. To address this deficiency, several techniques have been developed to convert rhizotron measurement units into root mass production per unit

The complement protein C4 exists as two isotypes, C4A and C4B, encoded by genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region. The serum concentrations of C4A4 were lower than those of C4B2 in serum from 19 individuals homozygous for type I C2 deficiency (p < 0.0002). These individuals all had the S042 complotype and most of them were homozygous for the haplotype HLA-B18,S042,DR2.

Background: Foetal inflammation is associated with an increased risk of brain damage in preterm infants whereas IGF-I is essential for cerebral development and exhibits anti-apoptotic properties. Aim: To assess levels of IGF-I and IGF binding proteins at very preterm birth and to evaluate their relationship with foetal pro-inflammation and cerebral damage. Methods: Levels of IGF-I, IGF binding pro

This article emphasizes the continuities rather than the discontinuities between war and peace, suggesting that warfare as well as the making of peace can be seen as parts of a continuous bargaining process. It presents an analytical framework for past-war bargaining proceeding from four challenges which affect the balance between cooperation and conflict: (1) the timing of war endings; (2) leader

In sunshine, the Vikings navigated on the open sea using sundials. According to a widespread hypothesis, when the Sun was occluded by fog or clouds the Vikings might have navigated by skylight polarization detected with an enigmatic birefringent crystal (sunstone). There are two atmospheric optical prerequisites for this alleged polarimetric Viking navigation under foggy/cloudy skies: (1) the degr

Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus mobilized CD66b in human neutrophils but did not upregulate surface activation markers in eosinophils. In addition, Toll-like receptor 2, implicated in the recognition of peptidoglycan, was detected on the surface of resting neutrophils but not on eosinophils. These findings suggest roles for neutrophils but not eosinophils in innate recognition of peptidog

A combination of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and Multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO) systems appears to be a promising solution for the PHY layer of indoor multimedia transmission via wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Antenna selection is an excellent way of reducing the hardware costs of MIMO-OFDM systems while retaining high performance. This paper addresses two major

PURPOSE: To report clinical findings after accidental instillation into the eye of sap from Angel's trumpet (Datura suaveolens). METHODS: We report findings on seven patients who developed sudden onset of unilateral mydriasis. At least three of them also had ipsilateral cycloplegia and one developed transient tachycardia. RESULTS: The symptoms evolved after ocular exposure to sap from Angel's trum

Background: We have previously shown that there were great discrepancies between different agents regarding their glutathione stimulating potential and that agents with mainly oxidative effects did not increase concentrations of glutathione in human cell cultures, in contrast to other thiol reactive agents. In order to evaluate whether increased glutathione degradation might be one reason for thes