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Objectives & Methods: Diseases of the human urinary tract represent common morbidities characterized by a high prevalence in the population of most westernized countries. The existeince of a significant number of affected patients and the recent increase in scientific attention has resulted in various experimental and clinical efforts in order to evaluate the mechanisms controlling the functio
Knockout of caspase-8, a cysteine protease that participates in the signaling for cell death by receptors of the TNF/nerve growth factor family, is lethal to mice in utero. To explore tissue-specific roles of this enzyme, we established its conditional knockout using the Cre/loxP recombination system. Consistent with its role in cell death induction, deletion of caspase-8 in hepatocytes protected
Background:Groin pain in athletes is a common symptom and may, among many other entities, be caused by skeletal changes in the symphysis and the pubic bone or hernia. Material and Methods:Herniographies in 51 athletes - mainly soccer players - with unclear groin pain were reviewed. The prevalence of various hernias and skeletal changes at the symphysis and os pubis was registered. A questionnaire
One purpose of the present study is to explore the stability of the pattern of health/work and sickness absence among middle-aged women over a period of three years. This study tested two hypotheses: (a) that enduringly healthy working women would perceive more valued occupational roles and higher well-being than long-term sick-listed women; (b) that high levels of well-being at baseline would pre
Postantibiotic effects (PAEs), postantibiotic sub-MIC effects, and sub-MIC effects of the new nonfluoroquinolone PGE-9509924, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative strains were investigated. In comparison to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, PGE-9509924 exerted very similar PAEs against all strains except for both strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, where longer PA
Popular Abstract in Swedish Varför beslutar politiker ibland att vidta till synes effektlösa åtgärder? Varför uppstår ibland stora politiska konflikter i små frågor? I vanliga fall vidtar man en politisk åtgärd därför att man eftersträvar det konkreta resultatet av åtgärden. Symbolpolitik är när en politisk fråga blir viktig, inte beroende på vad den konkret innebär och leder till, utan på grund aSymbolic politics is the degree to which political decision-making is motivated, not by the tangible aspects of the decision, but by the interpretation of what the decision represents symbolically. While symbolic politics is widely recognized as an important aspect of political decision-making, the phenomenon is insufficiently explored in political science. The first aim of the present dissertatio
Purpose: To examine whether panretinal photocoagulation for severe non-proliferative retinopathy in type 1 diabetes patients could halt the progression of retinopathy with subsequent vitreous haemorrhages and visual impairment. Methods: During a 10-year follow-up study period of 344 type 1 diabetes patients, 81 subjects went through panretinal photocoagulation. Forty patients were treated for sev
Popular Abstract in Swedish Programvara spelar en allt viktigare roll i industriella produkter. Bilar, flygplan, telefoner, hemelektronik, kärnkraftverk m.m. innehåller alla programvara. När man utvecklar programvara blir det ofta fel i produkterna, fel som kan vara mycket allvarliga för funktion och säkerhet. Ett första steg i att minska dessa fel är att uppskatta hur många fel som finns i produkIn software engineering, the quality of software and in particular the software reliability has to be controlled and improved. Hence there is a need for measuring and controlling the number and appearance of software faults and failures. This thesis presents models for estimation of residual faults after inspections and a model for usage specifications which enables estimation of operational failu
The influence of poisoning of ruthenium catalysing the selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene has been studied. Both the yield of cyclohexene and the rate of hydrogenation are greatly affected by the degree of poisoning (e.g. FeSO4, FeCl3, TiCl3 and oxygen), and may also be optimised. A reproducible catalyst has been prepared by precipitating the catalyst precursor, as the hydroxide, in
The equivalence of existence of a Borel section to nonexistence of recurrent aperiodic points for homeomorphisms of locally compact topological spaces is proved using the theory of C*-algebras.
Most applications of positron beams require knowledge of the implantation characteristics for an appropriate interpretation of the experimental data. In this work, the median implantation depth as a function of implantation energy, z1/2(E), of 3–18 keV positrons and their implantation profile P(z,E) in a total of 13 thin films of atactic polystyrene, poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile), and polymethylm
The reversibly photochromic pigment, phycochrome c, was extracted from the blue-green alga Nostoc muscorum strain A. Action spectra were determined for in vitro conversions of the pigment from the short wavelength to the long wavelength form and vice versa. The action peak for the absorbance decrease at 650 nm is at 630 nm. During this decrease there is only a slight increase of the absorbance in
Popular Abstract in Swedish Det huvudsakliga bidraget i denna avhandling är approximationsalgoritmer för flera problem inom beräkningsgeometri. Den underliggande strukturen för de flesta problemen är ett geometriskt nätverk. Ett geometriskt nätverk är, i sin mest abstrakta form, en mängd noder parvis kopplade med en kant, sådan att vikten på denna kant är lika med det Euklidiska (geometriska) avstThe main contribution of this thesis is approximation algorithms for several computational geometry problems. The underlying structure for most of the problems studied is a geometric network. A geometric network is, in its abstract form, a set of vertices, pairwise connected with an edge, such that the weight of this connecting edge is the Euclidean distance between the pair of points connected. S
Many studies have supported a genetic etiology for autism. Here we report mutations in two X-linked genes encoding neuroligins NLGN3 and NLGN4 in siblings with autism-spectrum disorders. These mutations affect cell-adhesion molecules localized at the synapse and suggest that a defect of synaptogenesis may predispose to autism.
The solubility of tri-n-octylamine (TOA) in water and phosphoric acid is reported. Equilibration is achieved by circulating the solutioin through PVC pieces saturated with the absorbed amine in a glass tube. The dissolved TOA is determined by capillary gas chromatography which can detect amine concentrations down to 10 μg l−1. The solubility of TOA in water is 0.039 mg l−1 and in 5.5 M phosphoric
Whole-lake additions of dissolved inorganic C-13 were used to measure allochthony (the terrestrial contribution of organic carbon to aquatic consumers) in two unproductive lakes (Paul and Peter Lakes in 2001), a nutrient-enriched lake (Peter Lake in 2002), and a dystrophic lake (Tuesday Lake in 2002). Three kinds of dynamic models were used to estimate allochthony: a process-rich, dual-isotope flo
