Autoignition in SI engines is an abnormal combustion mode and may lead to engine knock which is an undesired phenomenon in SI engines. It may cause damage and it is a source of noise in engines. Knock limits the compression ratio of the engine and a low compression ratio means low fuel conversion efficiency of the engine. This thesis presents a theoretical investigation about the modeling of the e

The European Directives on personal protective devices have increased the interest in protective and functional properties of work clothing and intensified standardisation work as well as stimulated research in areas with limited knowledge. There is a long tradition of research and information exchange in the Nordic countries on the subject. The NOrdisk KOrdineringsgruppe om BEskyttelseskläder som

The alleged efficacy of pharmaceutical industry self-regulation has been used to repudiate increased government oversight over promotional activity. European politicians and industry have cited Sweden as an excellent example of self-regulation based on an ethical code. This paper considers antidepressant advertising in Sweden to uncover the strengths and weaknesses of self-regulation.

Background: Distal radius fracture is a common injury and may result in substantial dysfunction and pain. The purpose was to investigate the relationship between distal radius fracture malunion and arm-related disability. Methods: The prospective population-based cohort study included 143 consecutive patients above 18 years with an acute distal radius fracture treated with closed reduction and eit

Autochthonous blockfield mantles may indicate alpine surfaces that have not been glacially eroded. These surfaces may therefore serve as markers against which to determine Quaternary erosion volumes in adjacent glacially eroded sectors. To explore these potential utilities, chemical weathering features, erosion rates, and regolith residence durations of mountain blockfields are investigated in the

Den här artikeln fokuserar arbetsmiljöfrågor relaterade till migrantarbete inom den gröna näringen (jordbruket), och då särskilt säsongsarbete. I synnerhet lyfter artikeln fram den diskriminering och psykosociala ohälsa som i hög utsträckning drabbar migranterna. Eftersom det i dagsläget inte finns någon publicerad forskning avseende nutida förhållanden i Sverige så bygger slutsatserna till stor d

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocyst stage embryos, and upon differentiation into embryoid bodies (EBs) they recapitulate the genetic, cellular and morphological events occurring in early embryogenesis. Among several signalling pathways and inductive factors, the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) have been shown to be impor

Whey proteins have insulinogenic properties and the effect appears to originate from a specific postprandial plasma amino acid pattern. The insulinogenic effect can be mimicked by a specific mixture of the five amino acids iso, leu, lys, thr and val.

The use of gluten-free products is increasing since an increasing number of people (1-2 %) are suffering from Celiac disease and thereby need a gluten-free diet. Gluten-free bread tends to have shorter shelf life and quality compared with white wheat bread. In this study, 3 % (flour basis) of pre-gelatinized oat and barley flour as well as an emulsifier were added to a gluten-free mix to increase

Selection pressure induced by simultaneously occurring environmental threats is a major evolutionary driver for organisms in terrestrial, as well as in aquatic ecosystems. For example, protection against ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and predation include both morphological and behavioral components. Here we address those selective pressures on zooplankton by performing a latitudinal monitoring, com

Long-term colonic inflammation promotes carcinogenesis and histological abnormalities of the liver, and colorectal tumours frequently arise in a background of dysplasia, a precursor of adenomas. Altered colonic microbiota with an increased proportion of bacteria with pro-inflammatory characteristics, have been implicated in neoplastic progression. The composition of the microbiota can be modified

The effect of hydrogen loading on the stability and mobility of vacancy-H complexes in aluminum is determined by applying DFT and the minimum-mode-following method. The binding energy per H-atom within a complex is found to range from -0.36 eV/atom to -0.34 eV/atom for an occupancy of, respectively, a single and eight H-atoms. When eight H-atoms are neighboring the vacancy the total binding energy

This paper proposes two low-complexity two-dimensional channel estimators for MIMO-OFDM systems derived from a joint time–frequency channel estimator. The estimators exploit both time and frequency correlations of the wireless channel via use of Slepian-basis expansions. The computational saving comes from replacing a two-dimensional Slepian-basis expansion with two serially concatenated one-dimen