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The energy transition in the Swedish iron and steel sector, 1800– 1939

This article analyses the energy transition of the Swedish iron and steel industry (1800–1939), a leading actor in the European iron and steel market during the 19th and 20th centuries.This industry is an interesting case to analyse from the perspective of energy transition and the composition and change of capital stock (classified by energy technology). in-depth review of the this topic will ena

NACore Amyloid Formation in the Presence of Phospholipids

Amyloids are implicated in many diseases, and disruption of lipid membrane structures is considered as one possible mechanism of pathology. In this paper we investigate interactions between an aggregating peptide and phospholipid membranes, focusing on the nanometer-scale structures of the aggregates formed, as well as on the effect on the aggregation process. As a model system, we use the small a

Mapping Resonance Structures in Transient Core-Ionized Atoms

The nature of transient electronic states created by photoabsorption critically determines the dynamics of the subsequently evolving system. Here, we investigate K-shell photoionized atomic neon by absorbing a second photon within the Auger-decay lifetime of 2.4 fs using the European XFEL, a unique high-repetition-rate, wavelength-tunable x-ray free-electron laser. By high-resolution electron spec

Effects on Gambling Activity From Coronavirus Disease 2019—An Analysis of Revenue-Based Taxation of Online- and Land-Based Gambling Operators During the Pandemic

Background: Concerns have been raised about increased gambling problems during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis, particularly in settings with high online gambling and risks of migration from land-based to riskier online-based gambling types. However, few non-self-reported data sources are hitherto available. The present study aimed to assess changes in the online- and land-based gambling

Corrected and Republished from : A Nonfunctional Opsonic Antibody Response Frequently Occurs after Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Is Associated with Invasive Disease

Naturally acquired opsonic antipneumococcal antibodies are commonly found in nonvaccinated adults and confer protection against infection and colonization. Despite this, only limited data exist regarding the adaptive immune response after pneumococcal exposure. To investigate the dynamics of naturally acquired antipneumococcal immunity in relation to an episode of infection, opsonic antibody activ

Changes in Intestinal Permeability Ex Vivo and Immune Cell Activation by Three Commonly Used Emulsifiers

Food additives such as emulsifiers are used in increasing quantities in the food industry. The aim of this study was to compare three different emulsifiers (polysorbate 80 (P80), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and β-lactoglobulin (β-lac) with regards to their effect on the stimulation of immune cells and intestinal permeability. The immune stimulatory effects were studied in the myeloid cell line

Chicken colour discrimination depends on background colour

How well can a bird discriminate between two red berries on a green background? The absolute threshold of colour discrimination is set by photoreceptor noise, but animals do not perform at this threshold; their performance can depend on additional factors. In humans and zebra finches, discrimination thresholds for colour stimuli depend on background colour, and thus the adaptive state of the visua

Multilocus and morphological analysis of south-eastern Iberian Wall lizards (Squamata, Podarcis)

The phylogenetic relationships among the wall lizards of the Podarcis hispanicus complex that inhabit the south-east (SE) of the Iberian Peninsula and other lineages of the complex remain unclear. In this study, four mitochondrial and two nuclear markers were used to study genetic relationships within this complex. The phylogenetic analyses based on mtDNA gene trees constructed with ML and BI, and

Response of heterogeneous rainfall variability in East Asia to Hadley circulation reorganization during the late Quaternary

The Quaternary East Asian summer rainfall evolution reconstructed with the Chinese speleothem δ18O records shows the consistency throughout the region of East Asia, and has long been considered equivalent to the monsoon intensity. Its variation and teleconnection with global climate were usually interpreted by the meridional shift of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). However, many other p

Calibrating the Wildfire Decision Model using hybrid choice modelling

Wildfire occurrences is creating serious challenges for fire and emergency response services and a diverse range of communities around the world due to the increment of the occurrence of these disasters. As such, understanding the physical and social dynamics characterizing wildfires events is paramount to reduce the risk of these natural disasters. As such, one of the main challenges is to unders

Large variation in assessment and outcome definitions to describe the burden of long-term morbidity in childhood cancer survivors : A systematic review

We systematically reviewed outcome assessment methods, outcome classification, and severity grading of reported outcomes in studies investigating the burden of physical long-term morbidity in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). A MEDLINE and EMBASE search identified 56 studies reporting on three or more types of health conditions in 5-year CCS, for which information was extracted on outcome types an

Maladaptive migration behaviour in hybrids links to predator-mediated ecological selection

Different migratory species have evolved distinct migratory characteristics that improve fitness in their particular ecological niches. However, when such species hybridize, migratory traits from parental species can combine maladaptively and cause hybrids to fall between parental fitness peaks, with potential consequences for hybrid viability and species integrity. Here, we take advantage of a na

Real-life assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis patients using mobile technology : The mySinusitisCoach project by EUFOREA

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with a substantial personal and socioeconomic burden. Monitoring of patient-reported outcomes by mobile technology offers the possibility to better understand real-life burden of CRS. Methods: This study reports on the cross-sectional evaluation of data of 626 users of mySinusitisCoach (mSC), a mobile application

Pre-processing for image quality improvement in simultaneous DBT and mechanical imaging

Simultaneous digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and mechanical imaging (MI) offer the potential to combine anatomic information from DBT with functional information from MI. This makes it possible to associate tissue stiffness with specific anatomic structures in the breast, a combination that can reduce false-positive findings by using the MI data to discriminate between ambiguous lesions in DBT.

Intervention study to evaluate the importance of information given to patients with contact allergy : a randomized, investigator-blinded clinical trial*

Background: In contact dermatitis, it is crucial to understand and remember the outcome of patch testing. Unfortunately, many patients do not remember the results of their patch tests. Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of an intervention programme in which extensive information on specific contact allergy was provided, in individuals with positive patch test reactions. Methods: The s

Multilinear operator-valued Calderón-Zygmund theory

We develop a general theory of multilinear singular integrals with operator-valued kernels, acting on tuples of UMD Banach spaces. This, in particular, involves investigating multilinear variants of the R-boundedness condition naturally arising in operator-valued theory. We proceed by establishing a suitable representation of multilinear, operator-valued singular integrals in terms of operator-val

β-Amyloid and tau biomarkers and clinical phenotype in dementia with Lewy bodies

OBJECTIVE: In a multicenter cohort of probable dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), we tested the hypothesis that β-amyloid and tau biomarker positivity increases with age, which is modified by APOE genotype and sex, and that there are isolated and synergistic associations with the clinical phenotype. METHODS: We included 417 patients with DLB (age 45-93 years, 31% women). Positivity on β-amyloid (A+)

Insulin resistance in apolipoprotein M knockout mice is mediated by the protein kinase akt signaling pathway

Background: Previous clinical studies have suggested that apolipoprotein M (apoM) is involved in glucose metabolism and plays a causative role in insulin sensitivity. Objective: The potential mechanism of apoM on modulating glucose homeostasis is explored and differentially expressed genes are analyzed by employing ApoM deficient (ApoM-/-) and wild type (WT) mice. Methods: The metabolism of glucos