2500-3000 eyes with ocular hypertension, with or without established glaucoma in the fellow eye, were followed with automatic perimetry for several years. Forty-five eyes showed a documented change from repeated normal fields to reproducible glaucomatous visual field loss. The location of the defective points in the first pathological field of each eye was registered. The resulting frequency distr

The ability of fully automatic computerized perimetry to detect early glaucomatous field damage was compared with that of careful static and kinetic manual perimetry in a clinical study on 104 patients, 51 of whom had early glaucomatous field defects, 20 of whom were glaucoma suspects with no field defects, and 33 of whom were normal. The automatic perimeter used was the COMPETER automatic perimet

For ∼50 years mixtures of cobalt(II) and manganese(II) acetates with sodium bromide or hydrobromic acid in acetic acid have been used as catalysts for the homogeneous aerobic oxidation of alkylaromatic compounds. They are known to be stable mixtures. While characterizing this mixture via EXAFS, it was thus surprising to observe an unexpected change in the color of the reaction mixture from deep bl

An X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (XAFS) cell that is suitable for solution-phase studies of the light elements in the series from Na+ and Ca2+ is described. This cell has an ultra-short pathlength that can be remotely adjusted using a miniature stepper-motor drive and thereby readily provides transmission pathlengths in the range from submicrometer to several hundred micrometers. Th

We show, through a combination of density function theory-based molecular dynamics simulations (DFT-MD) and experimental X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) studies, that the iodate ion (IO 3 -) contains a local region that is strongly hydrated as a cation. The local region adjoining the I atom is sufficiently electropositive that three hydrating waters are oriented with their O at

Ultrafast X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful tool to observe electronic and geometric structures of short-lived reaction intermediates. The ab initiofeff9 code is applied to simulate the Pt L3-edge XANES spectrum of the photocatalytic diplatinum molecule [Pt2(P2O5H2)4]4− and the photo-induced changes that occur therein. The spectra are interpreted within a XAFS-like scattering theoretical

X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful probe of molecular structure, but it has previously been too slow to track the earliest dynamics after photoexcitation. We investigated the ultrafast formation of the lowest quintet state of aqueous iron(II) tris(bipyridine) upon excitation of the singlet metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer ( 1 MLCT) state by femtosecond optical pump/x-ray probe techniques

The ultrafast relaxation of aqueous iron(II)-tris(bipyridine) upon excitation into the singlet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer band ( 1MLCT) has been characterized by femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion and transient absorption (TA) studies. The fluorescence experiment shows a very short-lived broad 1MLCT emission band at ∼600 nm, which decays in ≤20 fs, and a weak emission at ∼660 nm, which we

The photoinduced energy and structural relaxation of aqueous iron(II)-tris-bipyridine ([FeII(bpy)3]2+), upon excitation into its singlet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (1MLCT) band, and the population of its short-lived (≤0.6 ns) high-spin excited state have been characterized by combined ultrafast optical and X-ray spectroscopies. Polychromatic femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion reveals a ve

Svenska visor arrangerade i Brasiliansk stil.

—The aim of this paper is to briefly present the historyand the status of the arterial characterization of today as wellas summarize our work on two new approaches in arterialcharacterization – measurements of the longitudinal movementand the minute roughness of the arterial wall.

The interfacial reduction of aqueous [PdCl4]2- at the interface with an organic solution of ferrocene has been characterised by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. Use of a liquid-liquid interface as a model for homogeneous nucleation permits control of the thermodynamic driving force for nucleation, through variation of the [PdCl4]2- and ferrocene concentrations in the bulk of th

X-ray diffraction measurements of liquid water are reported at pressures up to 360 MPa corresponding to a density of 0.0373 molecules per Å3. The measurements were conducted at a spatial resolution corresponding to Qmax = 16 Å-1. The method of data analysis and measurement in this study follows the earlier benchmark results reported for water under ambient conditions having a density of 0.0333 mol

The introduction of pump-probe techniques to the field of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has allowed the monitoring of both structural and electronic dynamics of disordered systems in the condensed phase with unprecedented accuracy, both in time and in space. We present results on the electronically excited high-spin state structure of an Fe(II) molecular species, [Fe II(bpy)3]2+, in aqueous

Metallica: A large contraction of the Pt-Pt bond in the triplet excited state of the photoreactive [Pt2(P2O5H 2)4]4- ion is determined by time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (see picture). The strengthening of the Pt-Pt interaction is accompanied by a weakening of the ligand coordination bonds, resulting in an elongation of the platinum-ligand bond that is determined for the first time.

We describe an advanced setup for time-resolved x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) Spectroscopy with picosecond temporal resolution. It combines an intense femtosecond laser source synchronized to the x-ray pulses delivered into the microXAS beamline of the Swiss Light Source (SLS). The setup is applied to measure the short-lived high-spin geometric structure of photoexcited aqueous Fe(bpy) 3