PURPOSE: To estimate the excess healthcare use and work disability attributable to knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the first five years following diagnosis.METHODS: Among individual aged 40-80 years who resided in Skåne on 31st December 2008, we identified those with a main diagnosis of knee OA during 2009-2014 and no previous diagnosis of any OA from 1998 (n=16,888). We created a comparison cohort ma

We present and analyze high resolution near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of CO+ at the carbon and oxygen K-edges. The spectra show a wealth of features that appear very differently at the two K-edges. The analysis of these features can be divided into three parts; (i) repopulation transition to the open shell orbital-here the C(1s) or O(1s) to 5σ transition, where the norm

A general framework for determining fundamental bounds in nanophotonics is introduced in this paper. The theory is based on convex optimization of dual problems constructed from operators generated by electromagnetic integral equations. The optimized variable is a contrast current defined within a prescribed region of a given material constitutive relations. Two power conservation constraints anal

The authors investigated whether PCSK9 inhibition could represent a therapeutic strategy in calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). A meta-analysis of 10 studies was performed to determine the impact of the PCSK9 R46L variant on CAVS, and the authors found that CAVS was less prevalent in carriers of this variant (odds ratio: 0.80 [95% confidence interval: 0.70 to 0.91]; p = 0.0011) compared with no

OBJECTIVES: Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cut-points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previo

α-Chymotrypsin was deposited on Celite and the resulting immobilized preparations were used to carry out peptide synthesis reactions in organic media with only small amounts of water present. The influence of different parts of the donor ester and acceptor nucleophile substrate molecules on the kinetics of the enzymatic reactions was studied. The specificity of α-chymotrypsin in organic media was

BACKGROUND: The Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) sought to identify cut points for muscle strength and body composition measures derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) that discriminate older adults with slow walking speed. This article presents the core analyses used to guide the SDOC position statements. DESIGN: Cross-sectional data analyses of pooled data. SETT

Raptors from the orders Accipitriformes and Falconiformes have been considered to rely principally on vision. Historically, this assumption has led scientists to discount any possible sense of smell in these birds, until work on cathartid vultures indicated that these species at least rely on olfaction to find carrion. In this review I provide evidence that raptors in general have functional olfac

The proliferative activity of aging hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is controversially discussed. Inducible fluorescent histone 2B fusion protein (H2B-FP) transgenic mice are important tools for tracking the mitotic history of murine HSCs in label dilution experiments. A recent study proposed that primitive HSCs symmetrically divide only four times to then enter permanent quiescence. We observed t

In this work, we present a thorough analysis of scalar P -wave χQ0, Q = c, b quarkonia electromagnetic form factors for the γ∗γ∗→ χQ0 couplings, as well as their hadroproduction observables in k⊥-factorisation using the light-front (LF) potential approach for the quarkonium wave function. The electromagnetic form factors are presented as functions of photon virtualities. We discuss the role of the

Hormonal factors play an important role in the induction of mammary tumors and tumor-like lesions in adenovirus type 9-inoculated W/Fu rats. Primary Ad 9-induced fibroadenomas contained significantly higher amounts of estrogen receptor (determined by means of enzyme immunoassay) in comparison to normal breast tissue (p = 0.01**) and 'spontaneous' fibroadenomas (p = 0.03*), used as control tissues.

The effect of granulocytes, stimulated in vivo by standardized soft tissue trauma, on the aggregation of autologous platelets in vitro, was studied in the pig. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP and arachidonic acid was inhibited when platelets harvested before trauma were incubated with granulocytes obtained 5 min after trauma. The granulocytes were separated from the platelets during the incuba

Adenovirus type 9 was inoculated sc into newborn Wistar/Furth rats, divided into four groups: (1) six male rats, not treated further; (2) 11 male rats, castrated at 4 weeks of age; (3) 12 male rats, castrated at 4 weeks of age and subsequently treated repeatedly with estrogen; and (4) 12 female rats, not treated further. All of the rats in group 3 developed mammary hyperplasia and tumors (fibroade

BACKGROUND: In December 2013, it was discovered that drinking water supplied to one third of the households in Ronneby, southern Sweden, was highly contaminated by PFAS (sum level >10,000 ng/L) originated from firefighting foams used at a nearby military airport.OBJECTIVES: To report serum PFAS levels of Ronneby residents participating in a biomonitoring program, and to describe the variation by a

The Georgian Orthodox Church (GOC) organisation has 15 departments, which focus on a wide range of areas from missionary work to finance, economy, real estate, ecology and military. This chapter focuses on historical and political contexts that shaped the GOC as an organisation over time. The GOC’s organisation is headed by Patriarch Ilia, while the administrative–operational part is conducted by

What is nationalism? When did it originate and how did it develop throughout the centuries? What types of nationalism have evolved in different sociopolitical settings and why? By addressing these questions, this entry seeks to address the key issues of the conceptualization of nationalism, followed by an analysis of its development in different structural, cultural, and political contexts. The en