The type and potency of an immune response provoked during vaccination will determine ultimate success in disease prevention. The basis for this response will be the design and implementation of antigen presentation to the immune system. Whereas direct antigen administration will elicit some form of immunological response, a more sophisticated approach would couple the antigen of interest to a vec

Wind energy continues to be one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources under development, and while representing a clean energy source, it is not environmentally neutral. Large numbers of bats are being killed at utility-scale wind energy facilities worldwide, raising concern about cumulative impacts of wind energy development on bat populations. We discuss our current state of knowledge

Molecular dynamics is used to simulate a thin copper coated silicon film. To increase the understanding in design optimization of copper coated silicon structures, the two crystals that the film consists of are oriented in 17 different lattice orientation combinations and a shear load is applied on the top of the copper coating while the bottom of the silicon base is fixed. The force-displacement

BackgroundPatients with Huntington's disease display symptoms from both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated as part of the pathogenesis of the disease and has been reported in brain tissue and extracerebral tissues, such as muscle and blood cells, but the results are inconsistent. Therefore, the authors performed a refined evaluation of

In this paper we report some results of our numerical simulations of sprays in compressible flows using Large Eddy Simulation. The combined LES- and spray code has been applied to the computation of the flow and spray injection into a swirl generator of a gas-turbine. The interaction between the spray jet and the flow field has been investigated. A dynamic SGS model has been used and results have

This paper presents a technique for product configuration modelling based on object-orientation and attribute grammars. The technique allows efficient interactive configurator tools to be generated for specified product families. Additional benefits include a high degree of checkability, early validation, readability, and reusability. The technique is particularly aimed at mass-customization produ

A high order Cartesian grid method is developed and applied to large eddy simulations (LES) of isothermal and reactive turbulent flows. Cartesian grid methods are potentially the most suitable numerical methods for LES because of its economical storage requirement, less computational effort per computational cell, fast numerical convergence and feasibility for constructing higher order finite diff

In multipath routing, maximization of the cardinality K of the disjoint-path set for a given source and destination assuming an upper bound on the differential delay D is one of the key factors enabling its practical applications. In the paper we study such an optimization problem for multipath routing involving maximization of K under the D constraint as the primary objective, and then minimizati

We introduce a model description of femtosecond laser induced desorption at surfaces. The substrate part of the system is taken into account as a (possibly semi-infinite) linear chain. Here, being especially interested in the early stages of dissociation, we consider a finite-size implementation of the model (i.e., a finite substrate), for which an exact numerical solution is possible. By time-evo