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This thesis presents work aimed at the development and application of a new lithography system for direct material patterning with the MeV proton beam at the Lund Nuclear Microprobe (NMP) facility. MeV proton beams are advantageous for use as a patterning tool due to their deep and well defined penetration through matter and their highly local energy deposition. This allows the fabrication of thre
Empirical and theoretical literature on elections in authoritarian regimes has illustrated the importance of oppositional cohesion. It has been argued that these elections are more likely to result in positive democratic effects as well as oppositional victory if the opposition has formed a unified pre-electoral coalition. Still, our knowledge is limited when it comes to explaining why and when
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In recent years shortages of donated blood have become a growing problem for health care systems world-wide. Blood substitutes based on human haemoglobin (Hb) could potentially ameliorate this situation. However, clinical trials have indicated problems due to e.g. oxidative stress. This thesis describes ways to detoxify the Hb by modulating radical reactions or by reducing radical toxicity using a
