We present a summary of the commissioning and performance of the vacuum system of a 500-MeV booster synchrotron recently built at LNLS as part of a new injector for the LNLS light source. The main vacuum parameters of the synchrotron are pressure below 5×10-7Pa (lifetime of 1-2 hours), no in-situ baking, no cooling system, and a short recovery time after ventilation. All parts of the system are ma

We present results of the commissioning of a new injector for the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source. The new injector consists of the existing 125-MeV LINAC and a new 500-MeV booster synchrotron. At present, about 40 mA can be injected into the booster and about 15 mA can be ramped up to 500 MeV at a repetition rate of 0.17 Hz. The new injector has allowed the accumulation of up to 540 mA in the

An appealing procedure to obtain operating pressures in the 10-8 Pa range, which is necessary for the insertion devices elements of synchrotron sources, is to coat the inner ultra-high vacuum chamber walls with a thin film of non-evaporable getter (NEG) metals. Titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and their alloys are used as NEG materials due to their low activation temperature, high chemical activity,

BACKGROUND: HIV viremia has been considered a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor, but many studies have had insufficient data on potential confounders. We explored the association between viremia and CVD after adjusting for established risk factors and analyzed whether consideration of viremia would improve CVD prediction.METHODS: Adults from RESPOND were followed from the first date with av

Peptides constitute alternative molecules for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. However, their therapeutic effectiveness is often limited by enzymatic degradation, chemical and physical instability, and toxicity toward healthy human cells. To improve their pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles, novel routes of administration are being ex

Background: More than 10% of the global population has a BMI above 35. Bariatric surgery is an efficient way to treat this condition. Unfortunately, there is a risk of nutritional deficiencies. The number of studies after a longer time span is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anaemia five and ten years after bariatric surgery and how it was related to substitution t

Within the framework of Construction Grammar, this study examines constructions with a cleft form containing everything, e.g., that’s everything that’s happened, in spoken British English, using the London-Lund Corpora and the British National Corpora. We trace the development of everything-clefts in recent history and make comparisons with all-clefts since both all and everything express totality

In this study, the influence of drying temperature and pretreatment on the drying kinetics and quality metrics of green banana slices was investigated. The present investigation included the drying of 4 ± 1 mm green banana slices with potassium metabisulfite (KMS) at levels of 0 (control), 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% in a tray dryer. A numerical optimization method was utilized to optimize the drying rate,

Background: Teledermoscopy (TDS) emerges as an efficient tool for diagnosing skin lesions. In Sweden, double reading is the standard of care, but risk factors for misdiagnosis or mismanagement using single reader evaluations (SRE) are not well-studied. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of SRE compared with the gold standard in TDS. Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 1,997 TDS

The recommended treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is surgical excision. An initial punch biopsy is often performed as an aid to diagnosis. A retrospective registry-based study was performed to assess histopathological concordance of punch biopsy of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and subsequent excision. Analysis of 737 punch biopsies and subsequent matched excisions was performed.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal disease are among the leading causes of disability in middle-aged and older people. Health and lifestyle factors in youth have known associations with cardiovascular or respiratory disease in adulthood, but largely unknown associations with musculoskeletal disease.METHODS AND FINDINGS: We included approximately 40,000 18-year-old Swedish

Climate-vegetation feedbacks (CVFs) can amplify or mitigate climate variations. These feedbacks operate at multiple timescales. Fast processes such as leaf-scale carbon fluxes operate at sub-annual timescales, while slow processes, driven by changes in forest composition and structure, occur over decadal and longer timescales. Slow processes are rarely directly observed from instrumental data; yet