In actin from many species H73 is methylated, but the function of this rare post-translational modification is unknown. Although not within bonding distance, it is located close to the gamma-phosphate of the actin-bound ATP. In most crystal structures of actin, the delta1-nitrogen of the methylated H73 forms a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl of G158. This hydrogen bond spans the gap separating sub

The SMC/Rad50/RecN proteins are universal DNA‐associated ABC‐type ATPases with crucial functions in genome maintenance. New insights into Rad50-DNA complex structure and cohesin regulation inspire a speculative look at the entire superfamily. Identification of a continuous DNA binding site across the Rad50 dimer interface (Liu et al, 2016; Seifert et al, 2016) suggests a similar site in cohesin. T

In mammals, IgA is the antibody class that is produced in largest quantities. The main producers are plasma cells located in the lamina propria at mucosal surfaces that secrete it as dimers covalently linked to the J chain. Polymeric immunoglobulin receptors (pIgRs) expressed on epithelial cells bind to dimeric IgA molecules and mediate basolateral to apical transcytosis, before IgA is released in

Pupillary contagion occurs when one's pupil size unconsciously adapts to the pupil size of an observed individual and is presumed to reflect the transfer of arousal. Importantly, when estimating pupil contagion, low level stimuli properties need to be controlled for, to ensure that observations of pupillary changes are due to internal change in arousal rather than the external differences between

Eye contact is a central component in face-to-face interactions. It is important in structuring communicative exchanges and offers critical insights into others' interests and intentions. To better understand eye contact in face-to-face interactions, we applied a novel, non-intrusive deep-learning-based dual-camera system and investigated associations between eye contact and autistic traits as wel

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often display motor problems that may impact their daily lives. Studying specific motor characteristics related to spatiotemporal control may inform us about the mechanisms underlying their challenges. Fifty-eight children with varying neurodevelopmental symptoms load (median age: 5.6 years, range: 2.7-12.5 years) performed an interactive tablet-ba

INTRODUCTION: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) has been associated with varying levels of social impairments, and with atypical visual scanning of faces. The present study explored whether self-reported sensitivity to eye contact might be related to these phenomena.METHOD: Individuals with confirmed 22qDS were interviewed about their experience and possible discomfort with eye contact. In cases w

Quantification of face-to-face interaction can provide highly relevant information in cognitive and psychological science research. Current commercial glint-dependent solutions suffer from several disadvantages and limitations when applied in face-to-face interaction, including data loss, parallax errors, the inconvenience and distracting effect of wearables, and/or the need for several cameras to

BACKGROUND: Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in children with Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) has for many years been used on clinical indications, but the research evidence for its efficacy is insufficient.METHODS: Open-label prospective in-depth trial including ten children (median age 10.3 years) with PANS, who received IVIG treatment 2 g/kg monthly for t

Neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders are often associated with coordination problems. Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) constitutes a specific example of acute and complex symptomatology that includes difficulties with motor control. The present proof-of-concept study aimed at testing a new, bespoke tablet-based motor coordination test named SpaceSwipe, providing

This thesis aimed to develop and apply methods for evaluating social and motor coordination, domains that often are challenged in individuals with neurodevelopmental/neuropsychiatric disorders (NDDs), also referred within Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations (ESSENCE). In Study I, we created a new tablet-based motor test that could accurately probe motor c