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Tumor Control Probability and Small-Scale Monte Carlo Dosimetry : Effects of Heterogenous Intratumoral Activity Distribution in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy

In radiopharmaceutical therapy, intratumoral uptake of radioactivity usually leads to heterogeneous absorbed dose distribution. The likelihood of treatment success can be estimated with the tumor control probability (TCP), which requires accurate dosimetry, estimating the absorbed dose rate per unit activity to individual tumor cells. Methods: Xenograft cryosections of the prostate cancer cell lin

Intruder bands in Te114 : Smooth band termination

The nucleus Te114 has been studied in heavy-ion -ray spectroscopy experiments performed with the early implementation of the GAMMASPHERE multidetector array. Three rotational intruder bands have been observed up to high spins. The yrast band, involving the 4p2h (h11/2)2(g7/2)2(g9/2)-2 proton configuration, reaches I=48Latin small letter h with stroke at an excitation energy of 30.3 MeV, the highes

Evaluation of knowledge, experiences, and fear toward prescribing and dispensing corticosteroids among Egyptian healthcare professionals : A cross-sectional study

Background: Corticosteroids (CS) are essential drugs in the treatment of several medical conditions. Assuming different roles, physicians and pharmacists play a primary role in prescribing and dispensing these medications to optimize patients' clinical management. The data on assessing knowledge and experience of healthcare professionals toward CS is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess a

‘SAXS-osmometer’ method provides measurement of DNA pressure in viral capsids and delivers an empirical equation of state

We present a novel method that provides a measurement of DNA pressure in viral capsids using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). This method, unlike our previous assay, does not require triggering genome release with a viral receptor. Thus, it can be used to determine the existence of a pressurized genome state in a wide range of virus systems, even if the receptor is not known, leading to a bett

Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSAal) size distributions in different urban environments and geographical regions : Towards understanding of the PM2.5 dose–response

Recent studies indicate that monitoring only fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may not be enough to understand and tackle the health risk caused by particulate pollution. Health effects per unit PM2.5 seem to increase in countries with low PM2.5, but also near local pollution sources (e.g., traffic) within cities. The aim of this study is to understand the differences in the characteristics of lung-

Innovations, informality, and the global south : A thematic analysis of past research and future directions

The informal sector of the global south has lately started to gain attention from innovation and development studies scholars. Studies highlighting the determinants, barriers, social processes, and institutions that influence innovations in the informal sector have enriched the discussion on the topic. This paper analyzes the existing body of knowledge at the intersection of the informal sector, i

The Benefits and Harms of Pharmacological Treatment for Postradiation Pelvic Pain : A Systematic Review by the European Association of Urology Chronic Pelvic Pain Panel with Recommendations for Clinical Practice

Context: Radiotherapy of the pelvis is a widely used method for the treatment of malignancies, and local complications including pain following pelvic radiation therapy are acknowledged complications. Objective: The primary objective is to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of pharmacological therapies on postradiation pelvic pain. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of the use of

The importance of business travel for trade : Evidence from the liberalization of the Soviet airspace

The strong negative relationship between geographical distance and trade is not well understood. I use the liberalization of the Soviet airspace to estimate the causal impact of business travel cost on trade. The liberalization radically reduced travel time between Europe and East Asia and was followed by a significant increase in trade. I find that the cost of business travel can account for a la

A highly-detailed anatomical study of left atrial auricle as revealed by in-vivo computed tomography

The left atrial auricle (LAA) is the main source of intracardiac thrombi, which contribute significantly to the total number of stroke cases. It is also considered a major site of origin for atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing ablation procedures. The LAA is known to have a high degree of morphological variability, with shape and structure identified as important contributors to thrombus fo

Charles Bonnet Syndrome Adversely Affects Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Glaucoma

Purpose: To investigate the impact of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) in patients with glaucoma. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Participants: Twenty-four patients with CBS and 42 matched controls without CBS out of 337 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with visual field (VF) loss. Methods: A matching technique was used to identify control patien

Irreversible electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer liver metastases : A nationwide multicenter study with short- and long-term follow-up

Introduction: A nationwide multicenter study was performed to examine short- and long-term effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). IRE is an alternative method when thermal ablation is contraindicated because of risk for serious thermal complications. Methods: All consecutive patients in Sweden treated with IR

Linearly convergent nonoverlapping domain decomposition methods for quasilinear parabolic equations

We prove linear convergence for a new family of modified Dirichlet–Neumann methods applied to quasilinear parabolic equations, as well as the convergence of the Robin–Robin method. Such nonoverlapping domain decomposition methods are commonly employed for the parallelization of partial differential equation solvers. Convergence has been extensively studied for elliptic equations, but in the case o

The archaeometry of tuyeres from the Great Zimbabwe and wider implications for its iron production technologies

AbstractRecent research in the wider archaeological landscape of Great Zimbabwe recovered moreevidence of metallurgical tuyeres fused in varied multiples indicative of their use in natural draft iron smelting technologies. We report the first detailed chemical, microstructural and thermal analyses of these ceramic materials most likely associated with large-scale iron production at the zenith of tWe report the first detailed chemical, microstructural and thermal analyses of a growing corpus of metallurgical tuyeres from the wider archaeological landscape of Great Zimbabwe in southern Africa. Of note is the fusion of the tuyeres in multiples, suggestive of widespread use of natural draft iron smelting technologies for large-scale production of iron most likely during the zenith period of Gr

A Model System for Feralizing Laboratory Mice in Large Farmyard-Like Pens

Laboratory mice are typically housed under extremely clean laboratory conditions, far removed from the natural lifestyle of a free-living mouse. There is a risk that this isolation from real-life conditions may lead to poor translatability and misinterpretation of results. We and others have shown that feral mice as well as laboratory mice exposed to naturalistic environments harbor a more diverse

Pivotal advance : CD45RB glycosylation is specifically regulated during human peripheral B cell differentiation

A screen of cell surface markers differentially expressed during peripheral B cell differentiation identified that the CD45RB epitope detected by the mAb MEM-55 was highly expressed on CD27+ memory B cells and absent on CD27- naïve B cells. IgG+CD27- memory and a previously unacknowledged CD27- population in blood also expressed high levels of CD45RBMEM55. Naïve and memory B cells from tonsils fol

Serum-IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 after mild and severe COVID-19 infection and analysis of IgG non-responders

Background To accurately interpret COVID-19 seroprevalence surveys, knowledge of serum-IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 with a better understanding of patients who do not seroconvert, is imperative. This study aimed to describe serum-IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of patients with both severe and mild COVID-19, including extended studies of patients who remained seronegative more than 90 days

A unique role of the cholera toxin A1-DD adjuvant for long-term plasma and memory B cell development

Adjuvants have traditionally been appreciated for their immunoenhancing effects, whereas their impact on immunological memory has largely been neglected. In this paper, we have compared three mechanistically distinct adjuvants: aluminum salts (Alum), Ribi (monophosphoryl lipid A), and the cholera toxin A1 fusion protein CTA1-DD. Their influence on long-term memory development was dramatically diff