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OSBP-mediated PI(4)P-cholesterol exchange at endoplasmic reticulum-secretory granule contact sites controls insulin secretion

Insulin is packaged into secretory granules that depart the Golgi and undergo a maturation process that involves changes in the protein and lipid composition of the granules. Here, we show that insulin secretory granules form physical contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum and that the lipid exchange protein oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) is recruited to these sites in a Ca2+-dependent manner.

Enhanced steel machining performance using texture-controlled CVD alpha-alumina coatings : Fundamental degradation mechanisms

Cemented carbide inserts coated with CVD α-alumina, particularly those exhibiting a (0001) texture, have proven highly effective in steel turning. Despite the established superior performance of (0001) textured alumina coatings, the underlying reasons remain unclear. This study explores the influence of the crystallographic texture of alumina on wear mechanisms in various chip-tool contact zones o

The HLA region in ANCA-associated vasculitis : characterisation of genetic associations in a Scandinavian patient population

OBJECTIVE: The antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are inflammatory disorders with ANCA autoantibodies recognising either proteinase 3 (PR3-AAV) or myeloperoxidase (MPO-AAV). PR3-AAV and MPO-AAV have been associated with distinct loci in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region. While the association between MPO-AAV and HLA has been well characterised in East A

Plasma neurofilament light chain is increased in Niemann-Pick Type C but glial fibrillary acidic protein remains normal

OBJECTIVE: Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) is a genetic neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder commonly associated with psychiatric symptoms and delays to accurate diagnosis and treatment. This study investigated biomarker levels and diagnostic utility of plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in NPC compared to healthy controls. METHODS: Patients with NP

Plasma neurofilament light chain is not elevated in people with first-episode psychosis or those at ultra-high risk for psychosis

Introduction: Neurofilament light chain (NfL), a blood biomarker of neuronal injury, shows promise in distinguishing neurodegenerative disorders from psychiatric conditions. This is especially relevant in psychosis, given neurological conditions such as autoimmune encephalitis and Niemann Pick Type C disease (NPC) may initially present with psychotic symptoms. Whilst NfL levels have been studied i

Inequity in access to digital public primary healthcare in Sweden: a cross-sectional study of the effects of urbanicity and socioeconomic status on utilization

BackgroundSocial and geographical inequity in access to primary healthcare is an ongoing concern in Sweden. Digital care can potentially decrease geographical inequity. This study aimed to evaluate how urbanicity affects the utilization of a public digital primary healthcare service - PHC Online.MethodsWe performed an ecological cross-sectional study of 4,482 PHC Online visits grouped by 83 public

Charge Transfer Dynamics in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Heterostructures—Insights by Vibrational-Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy

Organic-inorganic heterostructures play a pivotal role in modern electronic and optoelectronic applications including photodetectors and field effect transistors, as well as in solar energy conversion such as photoelectrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells, photoelectrochemical cells, and in organic photovoltaics. To a large extent, performance of such devices is controlled by charge transfer dynami

Politikens roll för näringslivets klimatomställning

Efter Parisavtalet 2015 har synen på politikens roll i klimatomställningen gradvis förändrats. Klimatfrågan betraktas numera som en viktig del av samhällsutvecklingen snarare än som ett isolerat problem. En central fråga i den nya klimatpolitiken är: hur kan samhällsutvecklingens inriktning påverkas så att ekonomin fortsätter utvecklas samtidigt som klimatmålet om nettonollutsläpp till 2050 nås? F

Artificial Intelligence Applications for Sustainable Construction

Artificial Intelligence Applications for Sustainable Construction presents the latest developments in AI and ML technologies applied to real-world civil engineering concerns. With an increasing amount of attention on the environmental impact of every industry, more construction projects are going to require sustainable construction practices. This volume offers research evidence, simulation result

Practical applicable model for estimating the carbonation depth in fly-ash based concrete structures by utilizing adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

Concrete carbonation is a prevalent phenomenon that leads to steel reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, thereby decreasing their service life as well as durability. The process of carbonation results in a lower pH level of concrete, resulting in an acidic environment with a pH value below 12. This acidic environment initiates and accelerates the corrosion of steel reinfo

Performance prognosis of FRCM-to-concrete bond strength using ANFIS-based fuzzy algorithm

Nowadays, strengthening of reinforced concrete structures with a new class of sustainable materials is the possible solution to retrofit the aged deteriorated structures. It is difficult to predict the capacity of the strengthened (FRP/FRCM) reinforced concrete elements without considering the bond strength. Therefore, the concrete substrate to Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) bond is a

Research Protocol for an Observational Health Data Analysis on the Adverse Events of Systemic Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer : Big Data Analytics Using the PIONEER Platform

Combination therapies in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), which include the addition of an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor and/or docetaxel to androgen deprivation therapy, have been a game changer in the management of this disease stage. However, these therapies come with their fair share of toxicities and side effects. The goal of this observational study is to report

Diverse roles of the metal binding domains and transport mechanism of copper transporting P-type ATPases

Copper transporting P-type (P1B-1-) ATPases are essential for cellular homeostasis. Nonetheless, the E1-E1P-E2P-E2 states mechanism of P1B-1-ATPases remains poorly understood. In particular, the role of the intrinsic metal binding domains (MBDs) is enigmatic. Here, four cryo-EM structures and molecular dynamics simulations of a P1B-1-ATPase are combined to reveal that in many eukaryotes the MBD im

National survey of physicians in Swedish child health centres finds insecurity and unawareness regarding management of undescended testicles

Aim: To investigate underlying factors for previously reported shortcomings in child health centres' (CHC) referral process of boys with undescended testicles. Methods: A total of 386 physicians working at Swedish CHCs were surveyed regarding their knowledge about undescended testicles and their clinical management. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors of non-ad

Hybridization and gene expression : Beyond differentially expressed genes

Gene expression has a key role in reproductive isolation, and studies of hybrid gene expression have identified mechanisms causing hybrid sterility. Here, we review the evidence for altered gene expression following hybridization and outline the mechanisms shown to contribute to altered gene expression in hybrids. Transgressive gene expression, transcending that of both parental species, is pervas

Metabolite Alterations and Cardiometabolic Disease: A Nutritional Perspective

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and atrial fibrillation (AF) collectively impact millions globally, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of preceding metabolic alterations for early intervention. This thesis aims to explore metabolic shifts across populations-based cohorts and evaluate the metabolic impact of a dietary intervention. Method Utilizing liqui

Increased carotid intima-media thickness in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis compared to controls and associations with markers of inflammation

Objective: There is an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA). In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to, overall and stratified by sex, (i) compare ultrasound derived carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), between patients and controls, and (ii) investigate associations between cIMT, clinical disease activity and inflammati