Temperature is not only a fundamental aspect of everyday life, but it is also an essential metric for thermal conversion systems concerning efficiency, emissions, and component lifetime estimation. Therefore, a vast range of different methods to measure temperature has been developed. The technique of focus in this thesis is lifetime-based surface phosphor thermometry.In phosphor thermometry, one

A thermographic phosphor’s decay time distribution over its temperature-sensitive range was retrieved with the Maximum Entropy Method (MEM). A decay time distribution consists of a range of decay times, each with an associated weighting for the decay time component’s prevalence in the analyzed decay curve. With the MEM, significant decay time contributions of a decay curve have high weighting and

Radiopharmaceutical therapy is used to treat cancers and other diseases with radiolabeledpharmaceuticals. The treatment targets specific cells, and the emitted ionizing radiation cause cytotoxicdamage. Dosimetry is performed to estimate the absorbed dose from the energy deposited in the body.This requires measurement of the activity in vivo and knowledge of the retention time of the activity in tuRadiopharmaceutical therapy is used to treat cancers and other diseases with radiolabeled pharmaceuticals. The treatment targets specific cells, and the emitted ionizing radiation cause cytotoxic damage. Dosimetry is performed to estimate the absorbed dose from the energy deposited in the body. This requires measurement of the activity in vivo and knowledge of the retention time of the activity in

Measuring the temperature below the surface of a thermal barrier coating (TBC) using a thin phosphor layer is challenging primarily due to the absorption and scattering of laser excitation light and phosphor luminescence as they propagate through the coating. One way to increase phosphor luminescence could be to use upconversion phosphor thermometry, which is investigated in the current study. It

Light microscopy is a powerful single-cell technique that allows for quantitative spatial information at subcellular resolution. However, unlike flow cytometry and single-cell sequencing techniques, microscopy has issues achieving high-quality population-wide sample characterization while maintaining high resolution. Here, we present a general framework, data-driven microscopy (DDM) that uses real

Large-scale bars can fuel galaxy centers with molecular gas, often leading to the development of dense ringlike structures where intense star formation occurs, forming a very different environment compared to galactic disks. We pair ∼0.″3 (30 pc) resolution new JWST/MIRI imaging with archival ALMA CO(2-1) mapping of the central ∼5 kpc of the nearby barred spiral galaxy NGC 1365 to investigate the

Background: Alterations in the endocannabinoid system (ES) have been described in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. In the past years, multiple ES biomarkers have been developed, promising to advance our understanding of ES changes in AD. Discussion: ES biomarkers, including positron emission tomography with cannabinoid receptors tracers and biofluid-based endocannabinoids, are associated

The relationship between human rights and Islam is important in countries of the Arab world where religion plays a significant role in public debates and daily life. The topic is particularly relevant at a time of sharpening conflicts and polarization, when forms of government in the region, the current world order, and the legitimacy of international organizations are increasingly contested. Much

We report a self-phase-locked and degenerate backward wave optical parametric oscillator (BWOPO) generating a counterpropagating signal and an idler in the spectral band of optical communication. The device is based on a periodically poled Rb-doped KTiOPO4 crystal with a poling period of 433 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest quasi-phase matching period reported in the bulk of

The eighteenth topical meeting on Laser Applications to Chemical, Security, and Environmental Analysis (LACSEA) was held in Vancouver, Canada from 11–15 July 2022, as part of the Optica Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress in a hybrid format allowing on-site and online attendance. The meeting featured a broad range of distinguished papers focusing on recent advances in laser and optical spectrosco

This paper explores the differences between rural and urban practices in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing aspects such as management of patient flow, infection prevention and control, information processing, communication and collaboration. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected through the online PRICOV-19 questionnaire sent to general practices in 38 countries. Rur

This paper introduces a novel model to predict ice accretion in glaze ice conditions due to supercooled water droplets. Glaze icing is controlled by a large number of interacting physical phenomena. The purpose of the suggested model was to offer a faster alternative to explicitly modelling these phenomena. The paper presents the suggested model and investigates the sensitivity of the predictions

Although hip fractures are common and severe, there is insufficient evidence concerning which type of rehabilitation is most beneficial. The primary aim of this three-armed pilot study was to investigate any difference in outcome after hip fractures between and within groups in terms of balance, everyday activities, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following different home rehabilitation

USAID's Meso-American Famine Early Warning System (MFEWS) supports activities to monitor and assess Central America's food availability and vulnerability to food insecurity as a result of natural disasters, droughts, and other hazards such as lower incomes resulting from a collapse in coffee prices. This paper will describe the opportunities and challenges of using remote sensing data for food sec

European Union challenges and crises of the past decade, including the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis, refugees, ethno-nationalist/Brexit movements, COVID-19, and Russian invasion of Ukraine are part of a planetary organic crisis (POC) of economy, society, ecology, conflict, and polity. The recognition of the symbiotic relationships between these challenges is crucial for moving from symptoms to c

To investigate aging effect on the passive film of Ni23Cr15Mo and Ni22Cr9Mo3Nb, synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze the structure and composition of the air-formed passive film on the alloys. The corrosion resistance of the two Ni alloys in 1 M NaCl solution was evaluated with electrochemical cyclic polarization measurement. The synchrotron XPS measurement

Context. A renewed interest in the origin of r-process elements has been stimulated by the multi-messenger observation of the gravitational event GW170817, with the detection of both gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves corresponding to the merger of two neutron stars. Such a phenomenon has been proposed as one of the main sources of the r-process. However, the origin of the r-process ele

Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is widely applied to the quantitative measurement of gas composition concentrations. However, studies on the effect of gas temperature on LIBS are still lacking. Here, we investigated the effect of gas temperature on LIBS in terms of composition measurements in an air flow field. The air flow field was heated using a resistance wire to different gas temp

Purpose: Present for more than 20 years, 3D food printing (3DFP) technology has not experienced the same widespread adoption as its non-food counterparts. It is believed that relevant business models are crucial for its expansion. The purpose of this study is to identify the dominant prototypical business models and patterns in the 3DFP industry. The knowledge gained could be used to provide direc

All bats possess eyes that are of adaptive value. Echolocating bats have retinae dominated by rod photoreceptors and use dim light vision for navigation, and in rare cases for hunting. However, the visual detection threshold of insectivorous echolocating bats remains unknown. Here, we determined this threshold for the vespertilionid bat Myotis daubentonii. We show that for a green luminous target,