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Stabilization of Adsorbed Enzymes Used as Biocatalysts in Organic Solvents

Enzymes immobilized by deposition onto a solid support at low enzyme loadings were shown to be stabilized by additives, such as proteins and PEG. The additive protects the enzyme from deactivation during immobilization. The amount of additive required to obtain full stabilization was dependent on the type of support material used and corresponded approximately to a monolayer coverage of the additi

Influence of Organic Solvents on the Specificity of α-Chymotrypsin and Subtilisin from B. Subtilis Strain 72 in Acyl Transfer Reactions

Nucleophilic properties of amino acid amides were studied systematically in acyl-transfer reactions catalyzed by α-chymotrypsin and subtilisin from Bacillus subtilis strain 72 (subtilisin 72) using Mal-L-Ala-L-Ala-L-PheOMe and Bz-L-TyrOme as the acyl group donors. In α-chymotrypsin-catalyzed reactions in water the reactivity of the amino acid amides increases with hydrophobicity of the nucleophile

Triglyceride interesterification by lipases. 3. Alcoholysis of pure triglycerides

Lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis of triolein dissolved in ethanol or isopropanol for the formation of ethyl and isopropyl esters was investigated. Of 16 lipases screened, Amano lipase from P. fluorescens was selected for investigation of the effects of basic reaction conditions on alcoholysis yields. Ethanolysis yields were only slightly affected by water additions to immobilized lipase preparations.

Influence of solvent and water activity on kinetically controlled peptide synthesis

α-Chymotrypsin deposited on Celite was used to catalyse peptide synthesis reactions between N-protected amino acid esters and leucine amide in organic media with low water content. The influence of the solvent and the thermodynamic water activity on the reaction kinetics was studied. The substrate specificity in the reactions was shown to be a combination of the substrate specificity of the enzyme

Prevalence of dementia diagnosis not otherwise specified in eight European countries A cross-sectional cohort study

BackgroundDementia is a syndrome, with a wide range of symptoms. It is important to have a timely diagnosis during the disease course to reduce the risk of medication errors, enable future care planning for the patient and their relatives thereby optimizing quality of life (QoL). For this reason, it is important to avoid a diagnosis of dementia not otherwise specified (DNOS) and instead obtain a d

Discontinuously supervised aerobic training vs. physical activity promotion in the self-management of type 2 diabetes in older Italian patients : design and methods of the 'TRIPL-A' randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) has health benefits for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Indeed, regular PA is considered an important part of any T2D management plan, yet most patients adopt a sedentary lifestyle. Exercise referral schemes (ERS) have the potential to effectively promote physical activity among T2D patients, and their effectiveness may be enhanced when they are supported by c

Determinants of influenza vaccination among the adult and older Italian population with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a secondary analysis of the multipurpose ISTAT survey on health and health care use

We analyzed seasonal flu vaccination rates among the Italian population suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in order to identify socio-demographic and clinical determinants for vaccination. We used data from the survey "Health and health care use in Italy", which interviewed 5,935 persons (age 15 - 102 years) suffering from COPD in the period 2004-2005. For each respondent,

Supporting caregivers in nursing homes for Alzheimer’s disease patients : A technological approach to overnight supervision

The reduction of public expenditure and investments in health care provisioning calls for new, sustainable models to transform the increasing aging population and dementia-related diseases incidence from global challenges into new opportunities. In this context, Information and Communication Technologies play a vital role, to both promote aging in place and home management of Patients with Dementi

Wollstonecraft och revolutionen

Kort efter att hon hade bevittnat den franska revolutionens fasor i Paris reste den engelska filosofen och feministen Mary Wollstonecraft till ett sömnigt Skandinavien. Kontrasterna kunde inte ha varit större. Ändå var det just i Sverige som Wollstonecrafts sista, stora politiska fråga väcktes: Hur förändrar man egentligen ett samhälle? Lena Halldenius följer filosofen på hennes sista filosofiska