Lera består utav små finkorniga lermineraler, vilka utgörs till stor del av elektrostatiskt laddade nanopartiklar, även kallade lerplattor. En lerplatta har en tjocklek på en miljarddels meter och dess diameter kan variera alltifrån fem till tusen gånger större än tjockleken, vilket kan jämföras med ett A4-ark, där kortsidan är tusen gånger större än tjockleken. Denna storleksskillnad ger upphov tClay minerals consist of anisotropic nanoplatelets where the majority of the clay minerals are highly charged, and thus, swell in aqueous solution. The structure and swelling depend on the type of clay mineral, and also on the ionic composition, and temperature. The natural clay mineral montmorillonite have been studied both theoretically and experimentally. Theoretically, coarse-grained models ha

Efter en landreform, som genomfördes i slutet av 40- och i början av 50-talet, blev de flesta taiwanesiska bönderna hemmansägare och odlade marken på små lantegendomar. Denna efterkrigsreform banade väg för en ekonomisk utveckling som väsentligt påverkade och förändrade bondesamhället. När det taiwanesiska jordbruket visade tecken på stagnation på 1970-talet, förändrades böndernas syn på markinnehAfter post-war land reform that took place between 1949 and 1953, most Taiwanese farmers became owner-cultivators working on small landholdings. Post-war land reform paved the foundation for economic development and industrialization, processes that squeezed the agricultural sector and created changes in farming villages. When Taiwanese agriculture showed signs of stagnation in the 1970s, farmers’

The optimal spectral efficiency of MIMO antennas in Rayleigh and ideal channels are investigated when bandwidth requirements are placed on the antenna. By posing the problem as a convex optimization problem restricted by the port Q-factor a semi-analytical expression is formed for its solution. The antennas are simulated by method of moments and the solution is formulated both for structures fed b

The purpose of this paper is to address the perceptions senior public leaders in local government have regarding the need for business intelligence and their perceptions of the extent to which their organizations are capable of effectively assimilating business intelligence.The data are from a survey on local governments’ need for and capabilityto use business intelligence, with a response rate of

In this paper, we investigate the problem of finding housing for refugees once they have been granted asylum. In particular, we demonstrate that market design can play an important role in a partial solution to the problem. More specifically, we investigate a specific matching system, and we propose an easy‐to‐implement mechanism that finds an efficient, stable, and maximum matching. Such a matchi

Bakgrund: Considerable differences exist among the living donor Kidney Exchange Programmes (KEPs) that are in use and being built in Europe, contributing to a variation in the number of living donor transplants [6]. Efforts of European KEPs to exchange (best) practices and share approaches to address challenges have, however, been limited.Methods: Experts from 23 European countries, collaborating

Deuterated biomolecules - where hydrogen atoms (H) are exchanged to its isotope deuterium (D) - are essential for biological experiments in neutron scattering, but they are not readily available. In neutron scattering, D has a strong positive coherent scattering length (6.67 fm) in comparison with the negative scattering length of H (-3.74 fm). These different characteristics of neutrons to D and Deuterated biomolecules - where hydrogen atoms (H) are exchanged to its isotope deuterium (D) - are essential for biological experiments in neutron scattering, but they are not readily available. In neutron scattering, D has a strong positive coherent scattering length (6.67 fm) in comparison with the negative scattering length of H (-3.74 fm). These different characteristics of neutrons to D and

Pankreascancer, dvs cancer i bukspottkörteln, utgör nu den tredje vanligaste orsaken till död i cancer och kommer om inga genombrott görs att utgöra andra orsak till cancerrelaterad död inom några år (efter lungcancer). Avsaknad av tidiga symtom och en uttalad terapisvikt är bidragande faktorer till den dåliga prognosen. Femårsöverlevnaden ligger på endast maximalt 6 % och pankreascancer orsakar, Background: Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Lack of early detection strategies and therapeutic resistance are main contributors to the poor prognosis. Unfortunately, there are no tissue biomarkers available for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer in routine clinical use.Aim: To identify and validate novel tissue biomarkers for the prognosis of pancreatic ca

Målgruppen för barnahus är barn som misstänks ha varit utsatta för brott såsom barnmisshandel och sexuella övergrepp. Barn kan besöka barnahus tillsammans med sina föräldrar. Om vårdnadshavaren, eller någon närstående till denne, är misstänkt kan barn hämtas till förhör utan vårdnadshavares vetskap eller samtycke. Barnet följs då av en trygg person som barnet känner från exempelvis förskolan eller

Oilseed rape fields are a very common crop in the agricultural landscape of southern Sweden, and they can harbour surprisingly many insect species. Some of them are herbivores that feed on various parts of the oilseed rape plant, others are natural enemies of the herbivores, and even more species are tourists from the surrounding landscape. In my thesis I have studied these insects and how their pOilseed rape fields are a very common crop in the agricultural landscape of southern Sweden, and they can harbour surprisingly many insect species. Some of them are herbivores that feed on various parts of the oilseed rape plant, others are natural enemies of the herbivores, and even more species are tourists from the surrounding landscape. In my thesis I have studied these insects and how their p

Machine Learning (ML) applications shape, and are shaped by, human values. In the last decade classificatory models have become the most widely applied type of ML. However, since the invention of Generative Adverserial Networks (GANs) in 2014, the field of generative ML is likely to become equally prolific in the years to come. GANs can generate convincing fakes of video footage, pictures, graphic

Previous research has suggested beneficial effects of vitamin D on both breast cancer risk and prognosis. The overall aim of this research project was to investigate associations between vitamin D and breast cancer. The population-based prospective cohort, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, recruited 17,034 women in the first half of the 1990s. Studies in in the current thesis are based on blood sam

This thesis presents methods to derive and model the performance characteristics of interior permanent magnet machines – a machine type which is commonly used for propulsion of electrical vehicles. The thesis divides the performance characteristics into three subcategories: The electromagnetic properties, the loss profile and the thermal behaviour of the machines. One separate characterisation metThis thesis presents methods to derive and model the performance characteristics of interior permanent magnet machines – a machine type which is commonly used for propulsion of electrical vehicles. The thesis divides the performance characteristics into three subcategories: The electromagnetic properties, the loss profile and the thermal behaviour of the machines. One separate characterisation met

Many managers would argue that today’s business environment is bothrapidly changing and increasingly complex. To be able to deal with thisenvironment, organizations and supply chains need to be prepared to makecoordinated decisions on actions on how to handle possible future events.To coordinate decisions in organizations and along supply chains,information sharing is required. Practitioners are a