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R&D related foreign direct investments represent a powerful mechanism for cross-border knowledge sharing that can stimulate the process of technological catch-up. However, low-income countries and smaller middle-income countries remain largely excluded from this kind of global flows of knowledge. In this chapter, we discuss the motivations and implications of this type of FDI for low and middl
This paper presents the electron and photon energy calibration obtained with the ATLAS detector using about 36 fb -1 of LHC proton-proton collision data recorded at s=13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. The different calibration steps applied to the data and the optimization of the reconstruction of electron and photon energies are discussed. The absolute energy scale is set using a large sample of Z boson d
Utomhusbelysning i offentliga miljöer har en viktig roll i en hållbar stadsutveckling. Energieffektiv LED-belysning kan stödja mobilitet i stadsmiljöer och medverka till en ökad tillgänglighet för personer med särskilda behov. Belysningen i föreliggande studie upplevdes ge tillräcklig ljusmängd och jämnt ljus, och det gick att se bra i belysningen. Trots att LED-belysningen ökade möjligheterna til
Understreckare utgående från Benny Morris och Dror Ze'evis bok "The Thirty-Year Genocide"
The brown bear population in Scandinavia has substantially increased the last 30 years, in-creasing the probability of interactions between humans and bears. This environmental change is evident to many who live in brown bear areas and to them it is important to feel safe when engaged in nature based activities. This research project aimed to, further develop and evaluate two specific intervention
It is important to study the factors affecting estimates of wetness since wetness is crucial in climate change studies. The availability of digital elevation models (DEMs) generated with high resolution data is increasing, and their use is expanding. LIDAR earth elevation data have been used to create several DEMs with different resolutions, using various interpolation parameters, in order to comp
I senere tid har spørsmålet om ulvens oppførsel overfor mennesker og nær bebyggelse vært sentralt i diskusjonen om norsk ulveforvaltning. Det har blitt framholdt at en del ulver er nærgående, på den måten at de synes å oppsøke bebodde områder, og ikke viker unna i møte med mennesker. Det sies at nærgående ulver er skremmende, og bidrar til redusert livskvalitet. Denne studiens formål har vært å ka
Artificial outdoor lighting for pedestrians should provide for a safe and secure outdoor environment after dark. Pedestrian lighting thereby has implications for active transportation and sustainable mobility. Installations of new energy efficient lighting applications should be evaluated in terms of pedestrian’s perception, evaluation and behaviour in the lit environment. Today there is a lack of
Exploring the patterns of genetic structure in the context of geographical andphenotypic variation is important to understand the evolutionary processesinvolved in speciation. We investigated population and subspecies differentiationin the Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula, a high latitude wader thatbreeds in arctic and temperate zones from northeast Canada across Eurasia tothe Russian Far
Ökande rovdjurspopulationer innebär att fler människor kommer att beröras av de stora rovdjurens närvaro. Detta skapar hos en del människor oro och rädsla. Rovdjursförvaltningen behöver hitta olika vägar för att svara på allmänhetens oro. Syftet med föreliggande projekt var att utvärdera hur informationsmöten utformade enligt psykologiska principer inverkar på allmänhetens rädsla för att möta björ
Increasing numbers of wildlife species in human populated landscapes create challenges to people’s daily life and livelihoods as well as to governance. One of these challenges is the current misfit between environmental and social systems. This misfit in spatial, temporal and functional scales constitutes a source of stress to individuals and institutions and calls for new solutions. Coping, adapt
Nucleotide variation at 12-16 nuclear loci was studied in three spruce species from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), Picea likiangensis, P. wilsonii, and P. purpurea, and one species from the Tian Shan mountain range, P. schrenkiana. Silent nucleotide diversity was limited in P. schrenkiana and high in the three species from the QTP, with values higher than in boreal spruce species, despite thei
