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Mucin biosynthesis and secretion in tracheal epithelial cells in primary culture

Density-gradient centrifugation of bovine tracheal epithelial cell extracts revealed a 'high-density' (1.48 g/ml) sialic-acid-rich population as well as a 'low-density' (1.42 g/ml) one that reacted more strongly with a periodate-Schiff (PAS) assay. The sialic-acid-rich mucins were oligomeric molecules containing disulphide-bond-linked subunits and large glycosylated domains, whereas the PAS-reacti

Biosynthesis of mucins in bovine trachea : identification of the major radiolabelled species

Bovine trachea in organ culture secretes mucus containing a 'high-density' (1.46 g/ml) and a 'low-density' (1.37 g/ml) mucin similar to those identified previously in bovine respiratory secretions [Hovenberg, Carlstedt and Davies (1997) Biochem. J. 321, 117-123]. After pulse-labelling, autoradiography showed uptake of [35S]sulphate by both epithelial goblet cells and submucosal glands, while [3H]p

Anti-inflammatory activity of β2-agonists in primary lung epithelial cells is independent of glucocorticoid receptor

In patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the addition of long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) to glucocorticosteroids (GCS) results in better control than increasing the dose of GCS alone. In smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, one apparent underlying mechanism involves the ability of LABAs to activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The present study investigates the effect

The role of the CCR1 receptor in the inflammatory response to tobacco smoke in a mouse model

Objective: The aim was to create pathological changes in mice relevant to human smoke exposure that can be used to further understand the mechanisms and pathology of smoke-induced inflammatory disease. Methods: Mice were exposed to tobacco smoke or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to generate an inflammatory infiltrate within the lungs. Results: Tobacco smoke exposure over a 4 day period led to neutrophil

Modeling of Request Cloning in Cloud Server Systems using Processor Sharing

The interest for studying server systems subject to cloned requests has recently increased. In this paper we present a model that allows us to equivalently represent a system of servers with cloned requests, as a single server. The model is very general, and we show that no assumptions on either inter-arrival or service time distributions are required, allowing for, e.g., both heterogeneity and de

Towards Performance Modeling of Speculative Execution for Cloud Applications

Interesting approaches to counteract performance variability within cloud datacenters include sending multiple request clones, either immediately or after a specified waiting time. In this paper we present a performance model of cloud applications that utilize the latter concept, known as speculative execution. We study the popular Join-Shortest-Queue load-balancing strategy under the processor sh

Timescales for charge transfer based operations on Majorana systems

In this Rapid Communication we analyze the efficiency of operations based on transferring charge from a quantum dot (QD) to two coupled topological superconductors, which can be used for performing non-Abelian operations on Majorana bound states (MBSs). We develop a method which allows us to describe the full time evolution of the system as the QD energy is manipulated. Using a full counting stati

Happiness and Gold Prices

We use the Twitter-based Hedonometer happiness index to study the link between happiness and gold price changes. We find no significant correlation between the two when we look at correlations across the entire distributions. However, turning to an extreme value theory (EVT) modeling of the tails of the non-normally distributed happiness distribution we find that during particularly depressing day

Transverse momentum and process dependent azimuthal anisotropies in √sNN=8.16 TeV p+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

The azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles produced in sNN=8.16 TeV p+Pb collisions is measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 165 nb - 1 that was collected in 2016. Azimuthal anisotropy coefficients, elliptic v2 and triangular v3, extracted using two-particle correlations with a non-flow template fit procedure, are presented as a function

Quality of life of Hurler syndrome patients after successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Hurler syndrome (HS) is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by multisystem morbidity and death in early childhood. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) results in long-term survival, although with significant residual disease burden. How this residual disease affects the health-related quality of life is unknown. Therefore, we conducted a multicenter cohort study on functional and

Non-motor symptoms and quality of life in dopa-responsive dystonia patients

Background In patients with GTP-cyclohydrolase deficient dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) the occurrence of associated non-motor symptoms (NMS) is to be expected. Earlier studies report conflicting results with regard to the nature and severity of NMS. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, sleep problems, fatigue and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL)

Rapid targeted genomics in critically ill newborns

BACKGROUND: Rapid diagnostic whole-genome sequencing has been explored in critically ill newborns, hoping to improve their clinical care and replace time-consuming and/or invasive diagnostic testing. A previous retrospective study in a research setting showed promising results with diagnoses in 57%, but patients were highly selected for known and likely Mendelian disorders. The aim of our prospect

Amino acid synthesis deficiencies

In recent years the number of disorders known to affect amino acid synthesis has grown rapidly. Nor is it just the number of disorders that has increased: the associated clinical phenotypes have also expanded spectacularly, primarily due to the advances of next generation sequencing diagnostics. In contrast to the “classical” inborn errors of metabolism in catabolic pathways, in which elevated lev

The efficacy of the modified Atkins diet in North Sea Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy : An observational prospective open-label study

Background: North Sea Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy is a rare and severe disorder caused by mutations in the GOSR2 gene. It is clinically characterized by progressive myoclonus, seizures, early-onset ataxia and areflexia. As in other progressive myoclonus epilepsies, the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs is disappointingly limited in North Sea Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy. The ketogenic diet and

The hidden Niemann-Pick type C patient : clinical niches for a rare inherited metabolic disease

Background: Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disease of impaired intracellular lipid trafficking. Clinical symptoms are highly heterogeneous, including neurological, visceral, or psychiatric manifestations. The incidence of NP-C is under-estimated due to under-recognition or misdiagnosis across a wide range of medical fields. New screening and diagnostic me