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Territories and networks in Europe : In search of a spatial order

Medieval Europe was characterized by geopolitical disorder and territorial disunion. Around 1500 AD, as the modern era dawned, Europe comprised some 1,500 districts which were largely politically independent. Gradually, medium sized territories emerged around cores made up of cultural, economic, and political centres. The Lake Malar area in Sweden was such a territory; London, Paris, Berlin-Potsda

Study of Multi-neutron Systems with SAMURAI Spectrometer

The tetraneutron has been drawing the attention of the nuclear physics community for decades, but a firm conclusion on its existence and properties is still far from being reached despite many experimental and theoretical efforts. New measurements have recently been performed at RIBF with the SAMURAI spectrometer by applying complementary reaction probes, which will help to pin down the properties

Kaonic Deuterium Precision Measurement at DA Φ NE : The SIDDHARTA-2 Experiment

Light kaonic atoms spectroscopy offers the unique opportunity to perform experiments equivalent to scattering at vanishing relative energies. This allows the determination of the antikaon-nucleus interaction at threshold, without the need of extrapolation to zero energy, as in the case of scattering experiments. In this framework, the SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration aims to perform the first measurement

Review of computer based approaches for modeling and simulating critical infrastructures as Socio-Technical Systems

The paper presents a review of the scientific literature on computer modeling of sociotechnical systems. The aim is to briefly review and discuss modeling approaches that are suitable for the simulation of socio-technical systems, specifically in the context of risk and vulnerability analysis of critical infrastructures. It is found that seven main socio-technical modeling approaches can be discer

Vibrational wavepacket dynamics in Fe carbene photosensitizer determined with femtosecond X-ray emission and scattering

The non-equilibrium dynamics of electrons and nuclei govern the function of photoactive materials. Disentangling these dynamics remains a critical goal for understanding photoactive materials. Here we investigate the photoinduced dynamics of the [Fe(bmip)2]2+ photosensitizer, where bmip = 2,6-bis(3-methyl-imidazole-1-ylidine)-pyridine, with simultaneous femtosecond-resolution Fe Kα and Kβ X-ray em

Vibronic coherence contributes to photocurrent generation in organic semiconductor heterojunction diodes

Charge separation dynamics after the absorption of a photon is a fundamental process relevant both for photosynthetic reaction centers and artificial solar conversion devices. It has been proposed that quantum coherence plays a role in the formation of charge carriers in organic photovoltaics, but experimental proofs have been lacking. Here we report experimental evidence of coherence in the charg

Cerebrospinal fluid lipocalin 2 as a novel biomarker for the differential diagnosis of vascular dementia

The clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) is based on imaging criteria, and specific biochemical markers are not available. Here, we investigated the potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a secreted glycoprotein that has been suggested as mediating neuronal damage in vascular brain injuries. The study included four independent cohorts with a total n = 472 samples. LCN2

Ultracompact 3D microfluidics for time-resolved structural biology

To advance microfluidic integration, we present the use of two-photon additive manufacturing to fold 2D channel layouts into compact free-form 3D fluidic circuits with nanometer precision. We demonstrate this technique by tailoring microfluidic nozzles and mixers for time-resolved structural biology at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). We achieve submicron jets with speeds exceeding 160 m s−1, w

Lubrication characteristics of wax esters from oils produced by a genetically-enhanced oilseed crop

In this study, purified by a newly developed method Crambe (Crambe abyssinica) oil wax esters were mixed with conventional Crambe oil to examine the lubrication characteristics of bio-based wax esters and their blends. The Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) results indicate high thermal stability of wax esters and their mixtures which is further supported by observed small viscosity change with tem

Dynamic in-situ imaging of methane hydrate formation and self-preservation in porous media

We present the results of dynamic in-situ 3D X-ray imaging of methane hydrates microstructure during methane hydrate formation and dissociation in sand samples. Short scanning times and high resolution provided by synchrotron X-rays allowed for better understanding of water movement and different types of gas-hydrate formation. Complementing previous observations, we conclude that the process of g

Novel Diagnostic Tools for Skin and Periorbital Cancer - Exploring Photoacoustic Imaging and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

The eyelids are susceptible to a number of skin cancers which are challenging to excise radically without sacrificing excessive healthy tissue. The way in which a tumor is delineated preoperatively has not changed significantly over the past century. The aims of the work presented in this thesis were to investigate two novel non-invasive techniques for diagnosing and delineating skin tumors.Extend

Plants as Factories for Insect Pheromone Production : Deciphering and Reconstructing Sex Pheromone Biosynthetic Pathways of Female Moths

Compared to other organisms in which the fatty acyl desaturases (FADs) are mostly involved in normal cellular lipid metabolism, moth FADs have evolved extent functions in the biosynthesis of sex pheromones. Female moths releasespecies-specific sex pheromones to attract conspecific males over a long distance for mating. Moth FADs are key enzymes producing the great diversity of moth sex pheromones.

The dot-compartment revealed? Diffusion MRI with ultra-strong gradients and spherical tensor encoding in the living human brain

The so-called “dot-compartment” is conjectured in diffusion MRI to represent small spherical spaces, such as cell bodies, in which the diffusion is restricted in all directions. Previous investigations inferred its existence from data acquired with directional diffusion encoding which does not permit a straightforward separation of signals from ‘sticks’ (axons) and signals from ‘dots’. Here we com

Circular Business Model Design : Business Opportunities from Retaining Value of Products and Materials

Today our economy is largely based on linear material flows, and many products, such as electronics, furniture,building materials and textiles, are discarded even when they could still be used. Without urgent action, globalwaste is expected to increase by 70% by 2060 and global materials use is expected to more than double. We arestarting to realise that linear material flows are not only a loss o

Staten som kommunikatör – en panelstudie av effekterna av informationskampanjen Om krisen eller kriget kommer

In 2017, the Swedish government took the initiative to conduct a country­wide information campaign with the aim of informing the citizens on what to do in the event of a serious crisis or war. In this article the effects of this information campaign are studied through a unique panel survey with identical surveys sent out immediately prior to the campaign and two weeks after the campaign. Concerni

Morphological modeling of long-term inlet channel evolution with an application to the Mundaú Lagoon inlet, Brazil

In the present study, a morphological model based on the main governing processes of inlet channels was developed for application in long-term simulations, requiring minimum data on forcing and only key information on the inlet geometry. The model considers the balance between the inlet sand transport due to tides and river flows and the longshore transport due to breaking waves. The resulting equ

Absorption of carbon dioxide in mixtures of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol

It has been suggested that non-aqueous solvents containing amines may provide alternatives to aqueous alkanolamine solvents due to the potentially lower energy requirement for the regeneration of the amine. This paper presents experimental data on the solubility of CO2 and heat of absorption in the organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and mixtures of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in NM

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In the recent Regards Photographiques judgement, the European Court of Justice held that member states cannot limit the reduced value added tax (VAT) rate to artistic photographs. In this article the judgement is analysed and discussed, also in connection with previous case law on Customs law. Also, it is discussed whether this judgement would oblige the Netherlands to apply the reduced VAT rate t