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Targeting bacterial infections by using immunomodulatory host defence peptides and proteins

Popular Abstract in German Bakterielle Infektionen gehören zu den häufigsten Todesursachen weltweit. Sepsis ist definiert durch das Vorhandesein einer Infektion, sowie der Erfüllung von 2 der 4 Kriterien eines systemischen Entzündungssyndroms. Die durch die Bakterien ausgelöste Immunantwort umfasst die Aktivierung der zellulären Immmunität, der Gerinnerungs- und Komplementsysteme, sowie die ProdukBacterial infections and sepsis are amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. Sepsis is caused by an uncontrolled systemic host response towards an invading pathogen. Due to the engagement of various systems including cellmediated responses, the coagulation and complement cascades, treatment of sepsis remains challenging. This is reflected in mortality rates of about 50 % for patients with se

High Expression of Cathepsin E in Tissues but Not Blood of Patients with Barrett's Esophagus and Adenocarcinoma

Cathepsin E (CTSE), an aspartic proteinase, is differentially expressed in the metaplasia-dysplasia-neoplasia sequence of gastric and colon cancer. We evaluated CTSE in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and cancer because increased CTSE levels are linked to improved survival in several cancers, and other cathepsins are up-regulated in BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). A total of 273 pretreatment tiss

Studies on cellular changes and amnesia in a rat model of electroconvulsive therapy

Popular Abstract in Swedish Depression är en av de stora folksjukdomarna och drabbar varannan kvinna och var fjärde man någon gång under deras livstid. Vid djupa depressioner, då självmordsrisken är hög eller då patienten hamnat i ett livshotande tillstånd på grund av oförmåga att äta och dricka används elektrokonvulsiv terapi (ECT), eller som det ofta kallas, ”elbehandling”. Ungefär 45 000 patienElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established treatment for severe depressive disorder, but its clinical use has been limited by concerns about side effects such as memory disturbances. Despite over 70 years in clinical use, the exact mechanisms of action behind the therapeutic or adverse effects are not fully understood. Enhanced brain plasticity, including neurogenesis, angiogenesis and

Low serum vitamin D is associated with increased mortality in elderly men: MrOS Sweden

In elderly man, low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was associated with a substantial excess risk of death compared to 25(OH)D values greater than 50-70 nmol/l, but the association attenuated with time. The aim of the present study was to determine whether poor vitamin D status was associated with an increase in the risk of death in elderly men. We studied the relationship between serum 25(OH)

Topology optimization utilizing inverse motion based form finding

Topology optimization at finite strain setting using the concept of inverse motion based form finding is introduced. This novel procedure allows boundary conditions and shape of the structure in the operating, deformed, state to be prescribed. The outcome of the optimization algorithm will be the shape of the undeformed structure, i.e. the state in which the structure should be manufactured. The o

Public Corruption in Swedish Municipalities - Trouble Looming on the Horizon?

In the 1990s, several public corruption scandals were uncovered in Sweden. This article focuses specifically on local corruption, and our purpose is to examine whether a case can be made that problems of public corruption in Swedish municipalities have increased. By applying instruments from the institutional rational choice framework, we reach the conclusion that there are indeed reasons to suspe

Protocol for Providing Additional Pseudo-Pregnant Recipient Mice for Embryo Transfer and Intra-Uterine Insemination by Plugging in the Middle of the Day

The fact that 10% of female mice enter oestrus and allow mating in the middle of the day is an old observation that has been more or less forgotten. We here show that this old knowledge can be used to improve the efficacy of both embryo transfer and insemination protocols. The present technical paper shows that rapid re-arrangements of mating cages, to achieve pseudo-pregnant recipients in the mid

Large-scale association study between two coding LRP5 gene polymorphisms and bone phenotypes and fractures in men

Herein we investigated the association between polymorphisms in the LRP5 gene and bone phenotypes and fractures in three large male cohorts based on the rationale that mutations in LRP5 cause severe bone phenotypes. Results showed an association of the Val667Met SNP with spine BMD in 3,800 young and elderly men. INTRODUCTION: The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5)-Wnt signal

The SNARE Protein SNAP23 and the SNARE-Interacting Protein Munc18c in Human Skeletal Muscle Are Implicated in Insulin Resistance/Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE-Our previous studies suggest that the SNARE protein synaptosomal-associated protein of 23 kDa (SNAP23) is involved in the link between increased lipid levels and insulin resistance in cardiomyocytes. The objective was to determine whether SNAP23 may also be involved in the known association between lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes in humans, as

Execution time certification for gradient-based optimization in model predictive control

We consider model predictive control (MPC) problems with linear dynamics, polytopic constraints, and quadratic objective. The resulting optimization problem is solved by applying an accelerated gradient method to the dual problem. The focus of this paper is to provide bounds on the number of iterations needed in the algorithm to guarantee a prespecified accuracy of the dual function value and the

Stortapetserarbi Megachile lagopoda (Linné) i Åhus, Skåne

Recent finds of the leafcutting bee Megachile lagopoda (Linnaeus) in Åhus, Scania in Southern Sweden are presented. This species has drastically decreased in Sweden since 1970, and is now considered vulnerable (VU) on the Swedish redlist.

Parrhesia and credibility: the covereign of refugee status determination

This article is concerned with the correlation between credibility and the concept of sovereignty in international law and their relationship to truth. Empirically, the authors focus on the credibility assessment informing the refugee determination procedure operated by the Office of the UN High Commissioner of Refugees. The authors do not provide a rationalised explanation of credibility assessme

Long-baseline optical intensity interferometry Laboratory demonstration of diffraction-limited imaging

Context. A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An opportunity is now opening up with the large telescope arrays primarily erected for measuring Cherenkov light in air induced by gamma rays. With suitable s

Relationship between ZnT8Ab, the SLC30A8 gene and disease progression in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

Autoantibodies against the newly established autoantigen in type 1 diabetes, zinc transporter 8, ZnT8, are presented as two types, ZnT8RAb and ZnT8WAb. The rs13266634 variant of the SLC30A8 gene has recently been found to determine the type of ZnT8Ab. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of this genetic variant and the ZnT8Ab on the residual beta-cell function during disease progression

Evaluating the accuracy and precision of a two-compartment Kärger model using Monte Carlo simulations.

Specific parameters of the neuronal tissue microstructure, such as axonal diameters, membrane permeability and intracellular water fractions are assessable using diffusion MRI. These parameters are commonly estimated using analytical models, which may introduce bias in the estimated parameters due to the approximations made when deriving the models. As an alternative to using analytical models, a

Assessment and Treatment of Impaired Insulin- Secretion and Action in Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease characterised by varying degrees of defect in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Optimal glycaemic control reduces the progression of diabetic complications. Over time, there is a steady deterioration of glycaemic control that raises the need for effective therapy targeted at the underlying defects in