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Biological treatment of ankylosing spondylitis : A nationwide study of treatment trajectories on a patient level in clinical practice

Background: There is substantial evidence that patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have high response rates to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), a low likelihood of successful treatment termination, but yet a limited drug retention. Whereas several reports have assessed drug retention rates for TNFi in AS, there are few, if any, studies investigating the actual treatment trajectories

Albumin infusion rate and plasma volume expansion : A randomized clinical trial in postoperative patients after major surgery

Background: Optimal infusion rate of colloids in patients with suspected hypovolemia is unknown, and the primary objective of the present study was to test if plasma volume expansion by 5% albumin is greater if fluid is administered slowly rather than rapidly. Methods: Patients with signs of hypoperfusion after major abdominal surgery were randomized to intravenous infusion of 5% albumin at a dose

Disciplinary discernment : Reading the sky in astronomy education

This theoretical paper introduces a new way to view and characterize learning astronomy. It describes a framework, based on results from empirical data, analyzed through standard qualitative research methodology, in which a theoretical model for a vital competency of learning astronomy is proposed: reading the sky, a broad description under with various skills and competencies are included. This m

The importance of emotional distress, cognitive behavioural factors and pain for life impact at baseline and for outcomes after rehabilitation - A SQRP study of more than 20,000 chronic pain patients

Although literature concerning chronic pain patients indicates that cognitive behavioural variables, specifically acceptance and fear of movement/(re)injury, are related to life impact, the relative roles of these factors in relation to pain characteristics (e.g. intensity and spreading) and emotional distress are unclear. Moreover, how these variables affect rehabilitation outcomes in different s

Transition governance for energy efficiency - Insights from a systematic review of Swedish policy evaluation practices

Background: The transition towards a more sustainable energy system is urgent for addressing global environmental and social challenges, and will require transformative changes including improved energy efficiency in the built environment. To reach identified efficiency potentials, various policy instruments have been introduced but their effects are often unclear. In this paper, we argue that the

Deep Eutectic Solvent Mediated Alkyne-Carbonyl Metathesis (ACM) Reaction for the Synthesis of 2H-Chromene Derivatives

2H-Chromene is an important structural motif present in many biologically active compounds, natural products and showed many other properties. Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) an environmentally benign and alternative to the conventional organic volatile solvents has been utilized first time for the synthesis of the 2H-chromene derivatives in moderated to excellent yields. The DES is recycled for 5 tim

Positive psychological well-being predicts lower severe pain in the general population : A 2-year follow-up study of the SwePain cohort

Background: Positive psychology indicators like well-being and life satisfaction may play a pivotal role in pain-related outcomes. In this study, we aimed to examine the prospective associations of positive well-being and life satisfaction with pain severity. Methods and Subjects: This longitudinal study, with a follow-up of 2 years, included 9361 participants (4266 males, 5095 females; mean age:

Impact of hip arthroplasty registers on orthopaedic practice and perspectives for the future

□ Total hip arthroplasty (THA) registers are established in several countries to collect data aiming to improve the results after THA. Monitoring of adverse outcomes after THA has focused mainly on revision surgery, but patientreported outcomes have also been investigated. □ Several surgery-related factors influencing the survival of the THA have been thoroughly investigated and have changed clini

Variation in the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) (encoded by SLC29A4) and organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) (encoded by SLC22A1) and gastrointestinal intolerance to metformin in type 2 diabetes : An IMI direct study

OBJECTIVE Gastrointestinal adverse effects occur in 20–30% of patients with metformin-treated type 2 diabetes, leading to premature discontinuation in 5–10% of the cases. Gastrointestinal intolerance may reflect localized high concentrations of metformin in the gut. We hypothesized that reduced transport of metformin via the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) and organic cation transport

Time-coded aperture for x-ray imaging

We describe a computational imaging system for x-ray tomography, where image capture and post-processing are co-designed to improve final image quality when relative motion of an experiment’s components during a single exposure causes motion blur. The idea is based on temporally encoding the motion during each exposure by fluttering the detector shutter open and closed with a known sequence for gu

The GALAH survey : A catalogue of carbon-enhanced stars and CEMP candidates

Swan bands-characteristic molecular absorption features of the C2 molecule-are a spectroscopic signature of carbon-enhanced stars. They can also be used to identify carbonenhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. The GALAH (GALactic Archaeology with Hermes) is a magnitude-limited survey of stars producing high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise spectra. We used 627 708 GALAH spectra to search for carbon-enh

Recommendations for Core Outcome Domain Set for Whiplash Associated Disorders (CATWAD)

Objective: Inconsistent reporting of outcomes in clinical trials of treatments for Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) hinders effective data pooling and conclusions that can be drawn about the effectiveness of tested treatments. The aim of this study was to provide recommendations for core outcome domains that should be included in clinical trials of WAD. Methods: A three-step process was used. 1

Randomized clinical trial of open suture repair versus totally extraperitoneal repair for treatment of sportsman's hernia

Background: Sportsman's hernia/athletic pubalgia is a recognized cause of chronic groin pain in athletes. Both open and laparoscopic surgical repairs have been described for treatment, but there are no comparative studies. The hypothesis here was that relief of pain would be achieved earlier in patients treated with open minimal suture repair than totally extraperitoneal repair. Methods: A randomi

Serum biomarkers for prediction of response to methotrexate monotherapy in early rheumatoid arthritis : Results from the SWEFOT trial

Objective. To investigate baseline levels of 12 serum biomarkers that constitute a multibiomarker disease activity test, as predictors of response to methotrexate (MTX) in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA). Methods. In 298 patients from the Swedish Pharmacotherapy (SWEFOT) clinical trial, baseline serum levels of 12 proteins were analyzed for association with disease activity based on

The benefits of collaboration : The Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association

□ The Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA) was established in 2007 by arthroplasty register representatives from Sweden, Norway and Denmark with the overall aim to improve the quality of research and thereby enhance the possibility for quality improvement with arthroplasty surgery. Finland joined the NARA collaboration in 2010. □ NARA minimal hip, knee and shoulder datasets were created

An orthonauplius of 'Orsten'-type preservation from the upper Cambrian (Furongian) of South China

A tiny larva of ʻOrstenʼ-type of three-dimensional preservation has been recovered from the Upper Cambrian Bitiao Formation of Wangcun section, western Hunan, South China, herein in- terpreted as an orthonauplius stage of a crown-group crustacean. The specimen comprises an ovoid body with a prominent labrum and three pairs of appendages. In all it exhibits comparable morpho- logical similarities w

Experimental and kinetic modelling investigation on NO, CO and NH3 emissions from NH3/CH4/air premixed flames

Ammonia (NH3) is regarded as one of the most viable alternatives to produce carbon-free energy. However, its low flammability and high NOx emissions associated with its combustion inhibit the implementation of pure NH3 as a fuel. Dual-fuel approaches with NH3 and more reactive fuels have been proposed; however, information on pollutant emissions is still scarce. The present work focuses on quantif