According to honest signalling theory, signals must be costly to produce to retain information about the signaller's quality. The song produced by male birds during breeding is a vocal "ornament" used for intra- and inter-sexual purposes. The energetic cost of this vocal signal remains a contentious issue. We used the doubly labelled water method to measure field metabolic rate by estimating CO2 p

A novel method of estimating soil microbial P uptake, using P-33 incorporation into the phospholipids in soil microbial biomass, was used in a study of P-competition between plants and microorganisms. The microbial biomass, and thus the competition for the added P-33, was altered by using different glucose treatments in a microcosm set-up. There was obvious competition for P-33, as shown by the ne

Following the theme of this monograph, this paper discusses a dialectic we perceive to subsist between meaningful use and reflection upon use. This dialectic between experiencing use and reflecting upon experiencing use (or thinking, and thinking about thinking) may be considered in the following way. Each of these elements is subject to change. As reflection triggers change in use, and such chang

The effects of nine different anionic and cationic micelle-forming surfactants on the viscosity and viscoelasticity of semidilute solutions of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) were studied. All added surfactants gave rise to the well-established viscosity maximum with increasing surfactant concentration, but the total surfactant concentration at the maximum, as well as the m

Inhibitory antibodies to factors VIII or IX have the potential to affect a broad range of outcomes among people with hemophilia; however, their possible effect on growth and maturation has not been explored. We evaluated skeletal maturation (bone age), pubertal progression, serum testosterone levels, height velocity, and stature in the multicenter Hemophilia Growth and Development Study. A total o

Sweden has experienced many geomagnetically induced current (GIC) events in the past, which is obviously due to the high-latitude location of the country. The largest GIC, almost 300 A, was measured in southern Sweden in the earthing lead of a 400 kV transformer neutral during the magnetic storm on 6 April 2000. On 30 October 2003, the city of Malmo at the southern coast suffered from a power blac

Meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC) (international generic name Temoporfin) is a potent photosensitizer used for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study the pharmacokinetics of a systemically administered novel lipid formulation of Temoporfin in a murine tumor model has been investigated. Fluorescence spectroscopy measurements were performed at several time intervals following drug administ

The aim of the present study was to see whether measurements of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air (ENO) either separately or in combination, could differentiate between asthmatics and healthy control subjects in a population based survey. In central Norway 8,571 adolescents participated in a large-scale epidemiological survey (Young Helseundersokelsen i Nord-Tro

Interactions between plasma proteins and MPO were studied. The protein fraction of normal plasma and serum was shown to exhibit an inhibitory effect on the peroxidase activity of MPO. Most of the inhibitory effect could be retained on an MPO-coupled affinity chromatography column. In particular, a protein with apparent mol. wt of 130 kD showed affinity for MPO. The protein was identified as cerulo

Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) murmurs become silent probably due to the direction of the jet across the ductus arteriosus when entering the pulmonary artery. Out of 15 children with silent PDA, 14 demonstrated a ductal flow not contacting and away from the anterior wall of the main pulmonary artery. In 15 children with a continuous murmur caused by a PDA, 12 exhibited a ductal flow toward and

We have studied double Auger decay after C 1s→2 photoexcitation in gas phase carbon monoxide. Two distinct processes, namely direct double Auger decay and cascade double Auger decay, are identified and studied in detail using multiple coincidence techniques. Cascade Auger decay is shown to be the overall dominant process. Decay channels involving the dissociation of the molecule followed by autoio

The potential of semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) for the treatment of solid slaughterhouse waste, fruit-vegetable wastes, and manure in a co-digestion process has been experimentally evaluated. A study was made at laboratory scale using four 2 L reactors working semi-continuously at 35 degrees C. The effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) was initially examined (using equal p

The human endometrium is a dynamic tissue, which undergoes extensive tissue remodelling during the menstrual cycle. Due to their involvement in such processes, several well-characterized matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) have previously been studied in the endometrium. MMP-26 is a newly described matrilysin. We studied MMP-26 mRNA in 39 normal endometrial samples obtained across the menstrual cycle.

Fluorescence polarization is one of the most commonly used homogeneous assay principles in drug discovery for screening of potential lead compounds. In this article, the fluorescence polarization technique is combined with 2-photon excitation of fluorescence. Theoretically, the use of 2-photon excitation of fluorescence increases the volumetric sensitivity and polarization contrast of fluorescence

Purpose: To determine dosimetric properties of unflattened megavoltage photon beams. Materials and methods: Dosimetric data including depth dose, profiles, output factors and phantom scatter factors from three different beam qualities provided by Elekta Precise linacs, operated with and without flattening filter were examined. Additional measurements of leaf transmission, leakage radiation and sur