The development of newer glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in recent years, such as the SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists/analogues with well-documented clinical benefits from large trials, has influenced international guidelines. These drugs are able to reduce both macro- and microvascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes and to prevent worsening of di

Introduction:Chronic widespread pain (CWP) has been suggested as a risk factor for mortality in cardiovascular diseases and malignancies. Different definition of CWP makes it difficult to compare previous studies.Objectives:The aim was to study whether mortality and certain causes of death were increased among people with CWP and whether the definition of CWP influenced outcome.Methods:This 25-yea

This study explores the impact of pulsed electric field (PEF) application on oat seedling growth and stress tolerance. PEF treatment (99 monopolar, rectangular pulses lasting 10 µs each, with a frequency of 13 Hz and a nominal electric field strength of 2250 V/cm) was applied at two growth stages: (i) when the seedlings had 0.2 cm roots emerging from the kernel, and (ii) when they had a 0.4 cm sho

Background: Propionic acid fermentation from renewable feedstock suffers from low volumetric productivity and final product concentration, which limits the industrial feasibility of the microbial route. High cell density fermentation techniques overcome these limitations. Here, propionic acid (PA) production from glucose and a crude glycerol/glucose mixture was evaluated using Acidipropionibacteri

There is currently intensive research ongoing with the aim to utilize various lignin-derived molecules to produce aromatic monomers and polymers. In the present work, homovanillic acid (HVA), derived from lignin, was used to prepare sustainable polyesters for the first time. An AB-type monomer with an alcohol group and a carboxylate ester group was conveniently synthesized by using HVA and et

T-cell development provides an excellent model system for studying lineage commitment from a multipotent progenitor. The intrathymic development process has been thoroughly studied. The molecular circuitry controlling it has been dissected and the necessary steps like programmed shut off of progenitor genes and T-cell genes upregulation have been revealed. However, the exact timing between decisio

The widespread use of nanomaterials has raised the threat of nanoparticles (NPs) infection of soils and groundwater resources. This research aims to investigate three parameters including flow velocity, ionic strength (IS), and initial particle concentration effects on transport behavior and retention mechanism of functionalization form of graphene oxide with polyvinylpyrrolidone (GO-PVP). The tra

Context. Transmission spectroscopy is one of the most powerful techniques used to characterize transiting exoplanets, since it allows for the abundance of the atomic and molecular species in the planetary atmosphere to be measured. However, stellar lines may bias the determination of such abundances if their center-To-limb variations (CLVs) are not properly accounted for. Aims. This paper aims to

Low-mass dwarf galaxies are expected to reside within dark matter haloes that have a pristine, ‘cuspy’ density profile within their stellar half-light radii. This is because they form too few stars to significantly drive dark matter heating through supernova-driven outflows. Here, we study such simulated faint systems (104 ≤ M* ≤ 2 × 106 M) drawn from high-resolution (3 pc) cosmological simulation

Inherited retinal degenerative diseases (IRDs) are a group of rare diseases that lead to a progressive loss of photoreceptor cells and, ultimately, blindness. The overactivation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG), one of the key effectors of cGMP-signaling, was previously found to be involved in photoreceptor cell death and was studied in murine IRD models to elucidate the pathophysiology of

Extraction of vitamin D, including its hydroxylated and esterified metabolites, from soft tissues such as the liver is challenging due to the lipophilic character of matrix and analytes that are expected in very low concentration levels. In this study, we aimed at the optimization of two-step extraction using solid–liquid extraction as the first step, followed by solid-phase extraction. Various so

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the use of multiple small VOIs for kidney dosimetry in [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE therapy. Method: The study was based on patient and simulated SPECT images in anthropomorphic geometries. Images were reconstructed using two reconstruction programs (local LundaDose and commercial Hermia) using OS-EM with and without resolution recovery (RR). Five small VOIs were placed

Food Safety 4.0 is a term derived from Industry 4.0 that focuses on all aspects of food safety management based on cyber-physical systems. The premise of Food Safety 4.0 is that real-time information and the interconnectivity of things, complemented by novel technologies, will revolutionize the way food safety is managed. There is enormous potential in terms of advancing product traceability, dete

In normal colon tissue, oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is expressed at low levels, while oestrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is considered the dominant subtype. However, in colon carcinomas, the ERα/β ratio is often increased, an observation that prompted us to further investigate ERα’s role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we assessed ERα nuclear expression in 351 CRC patients. Among them, 119 exhibit

Fat-soluble vitamin D is an essential bioactive compound important for human health. Insufficient vitamin D levels can result not only in bone disease but also in other disorders, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and diseases related to poor immune function. The current methods commonly used for vitamin D analysis are often applied to determine the levels of the most abundant metabolite in pla

Program om Hawaiis historia från sent 1700-tal till tidigt med 1900-tal med fokus på Liliʻuokalani, ögruppens sista drottning.

AimsThe pathophysiology of orthostatic hypotension (OH), a common clinical condition, associated with adverse outcomes, is incompletely understood. We examined the relationship between OH and circulating endostatin, an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor with antitumor effects proposed to be involved in blood pressure (BP) regulation.MethodsWe compared endostatin levels in 146 patients with OH and 1