In this essay it will be analysed why people in need of HIV-medicine do not get access to them, which has so far resulted in millions of seemingly unnecessary deaths. It will be discussed what responsibilities scientists have and what people can or should do to claim rights to medicine. It is found that the main reason is the patent system, which allocates power from states to companies. To a high

This thesis is based on an eight week long field-study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with the aim of examining the challenges and opportunities for women’s empowerment through taking a micro-credit loan within a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) named Village Community Bank (VICOBA). This is done because of the posed objective that micro-credit lending to women is a tool for empowering them, there

Numerous Government have raised concerns about the absence of a global instrument that would regulate the ever growing trade in conventional arms and reduce the human suffering that the illicit transfers contributes to. Negotiations have been taken place and states and other participant such as NGO:s have been asked to contribute to the debate. Many different problems and criticisms have been rais

This thesis evaluates the EU-level tobacco products regulation and the regulation of tobacco products for oral use, in particular. The evaluation includes a historical overview of the development of relevant secondary legislation and a more detailed analysis of the current regulatory state. Following the analysis of the Tobacco Products Directive as the main legal instrument in the European tobacc

This thesis seeks to investigate possible relations between two status functions; citizenship and human rights-holder. The theoretical framework is built on two theories. Hannah Arendt’s theory is about statelessness as a way to un-willingly loose ones possibility to claim rights, since there is no apparent duty-holder. John Searle’s theory concerns human rights as an institutional fact, and which

The purpose of this essay is to investigate what or which practices Eslöv uses to find niches in the Öresund region. The basic data for the study is a community project called “The image of Eslöv” which began in autumn 2011, and that extends to the summer of 2012. Communal documents are a major part of the background facts to the essay to give the reader a better understanding of the municipality.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different observers and reporters in the international debate form different opinions concerning current events in the Russian Republic of Chechnya in Caucasus and to try to illuminate what different consequences these different mediaconstructions might have for our public and political understanding of the situation, and the consequences these views

Surrogate motherhood is a growing phenomenon worldwide but so far the procedure is not permitted in Sweden. The legal situation may however be changing regarding this issue. On March 29, 2012 it was decided that the government should appoint a commission to investigate whether this procedure should be legal or not. The theoretical approach shows that there is a tension between liberal and feminist

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether an active sexual-life should be considered as a human right and to also analyze what responsibility the state has towards fulfilling this potential right for disabled persons, who are often incapable of creating an active sexual-life on their own, due to physical or mental restrictions. The study is built on an argumentative analysis and is categoriz

This essay seeks to critically examine the differences in perception of women and men who pay for sexual experiences abroad. It is a discourse analyses that investigates the similarities and differences between the female and male sex industry. The main focus of this essay is to examine the language that is being used to describe the female sex tourists that travel abroad to engage in sexual relat

Sexual violence has always been used as a weapon in war. Only recently have the UN started to work against the violence and tried to end the impunity. This year, Margot Wallström presented the report that she has been working on during her post as the special representative of the UN Secretary General for sexual violence in armed conflicts. The report contains information about the conflict- relat

The idea of human rights is that they are assumed to derive from some innate feature that all humans possess. Furthermore the definition of human rights lacks any urgent requests or claim of state responsibility. This allows a terminology regarding equal opportunities. I intend to demonstrate that the current usage of equality and rights is completely useless in order to enforce human rights. I

Bradley Manning is accused of the biggest leak of classified documents in the Unites States history. Some call him a traitor, others a hero. The purpose of this thesis is to examine through discourse analysis how Fox News, as the leading news channel in America, portrays him. I will use theories of heroism presented by Jesse Graham, Jonathan Haidt and Sara E Rimm-Kaufman to see how the image of a

Background: Somali piracy and armed robbery against ships remain to be one of the major global concerns today. Since 2007, over 1,500 piracy and piratical attacks were reported to the IMB Piracy Reporting Centre. These figures were gradually increased over the years, along with the degree of maritime violence. Somali pirates, with the urge of ransom payments, have consequently become more threate

The concept of voluntariness is based on several assumptions that cannot be taken for granted, as they are deeply contested among philosophers. This thesis will focus on the relationship between the possible options and the voluntariness of the action chosen by the agent. This will be carried out by understanding the concept of voluntariness in two competing ways: Robert Nozick's rights-based

The Millennium Development Goals are addressing the importance of education, because there are a great number of benefits of education, such as child mortality tend to decrease which gives women the option to give birth to fewer children. At the same time, when the Government is not able to provide sufficient education, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are often involved in the process, despi

Ruts bok får inte särskilt ofta uppmärksamhet och hamnar lätt i periferin. Trots detta har det kring berättelsen om moabitiskan Rut, som söker skydd hos israeliten Boas, skapats en variation av tolkningar. Dessa tolkningar kan dels vara att berättelsen talar om hur en främling ansluter sig till JHWH:s utvalda folk eller till kyrkan, dels kan berättelsen tala om kärleken mellan två kvinnor. Dessuto

The questions and the debate on whether or not adoption should be permitted to homosexuals are widespread and controversial. Looking into the guidelines in international conventions, one will find a high amount of ambiguity and vagueness in the formulations and the rhetoric within these conventions on this subject. While the conventions arbitrate a message of equality, homosexuals are often denied