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Projecting picosecond lattice dynamics through x-ray topography

A method for time-resolved x-ray diffraction studies has been demonstrated. As a test case, coherent acoustic phonon propagation into crystalline InSb is observed using a laser plasma x-ray source. An extended x-ray topogram of the semiconductor's surface was projected onto a high spatial resolution x-ray detector and acoustic phonons were excited by rapidly heating the crystal's surface with a fe

The evaluation of characters in lichenized families, exemplified with the alectorioid and some parmelioid genera

Important characters in the classification of the lichenized familyAlectoriaceae (Lecanorales) are discussed and evaluated. A few associated genera presently accommodated in the familyParmeliaceae (Lecanorales) are also discussed. Characters in the asci and hamathecium are of major importance, but structural characters such as general thallus organization and anatomy of cortical layers must also b

A virtual boundary method with improved computational efficiency using a multi-grid method

The flow around spherical, solid objects is considered. The boundary conditions on the solid boundaries have been applied by replacing the boundary with a surface force distribution on the surface, such that the required boundary conditions are satisfied. The velocity on the boundary is determined by extrapolation from the flow field. The source terms are determined iteratively, as part of the sol

Septic arthritis as a non-surgical complication in rheumatoid arthritis: relation to disease severity and therapy

More aggressive therapy including cytotoxic drugs is increasingly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and may confer increased susceptibility to infections. Septic arthritis is one infectious complication known to be overrepresented in RA. We studied the impact of disease severity and medication in a group of nine RA patients with proven septic arthritis, excluding those occurring

Relieving substrate limitation-soil moisture and temperature determine gross N transformation rates

A field experiment was designed with the objective to reveal the interactions between soil moisture, temperature, total, dissolved, and phosphate buffer extractable C and N, and microbial activity in the control of in situ gross N mineralization and immobilization rates in a deciduous forest. We had three alternative hypotheses to explain variations of the gross N transformations: 1) microorganism

Efficient simulation of adaptive optics technologies for the Euro50 telescope

An efficient adaptive optics (AO) simulation code was developed, which enables first-order simulations of extremely high-order systems. The Monte-Carlo-type code employs a sparse conjugate gradient algorithm for wavefront reconstruction, and a separation of spatial frequencies into two domains to economize on the number crunching. High-order multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems are there

Implantation of the human embryo: Research lines and models

Infertility is an increasing problem all over the world, and it has been estimated that 10 - 15% of couples in fertile age have fertility problems. Likewise induced unsafe abortion is a serious threat to women's health. Despite advances made in assisted reproduction techniques, little progress has been made in increasing the success rate during fertility treatment. This document describes a wide r

Mild hypothermia has minimal effects on the tolerance to severe progressive normovolemic anemia in swine

Background: The benefits of hypothermia during acute severe anemia are not entirely settled. The authors hypothesized that cooling would improve tolerance to anemia. Methods: Eight normothermic (38.0 +/- 0.5degreesC) and eight hypothermic (32.0 +/- 0.5degreesC) pigs anesthetized with midazolam-fentanyl-vecuronium-isoflurane (0.5% inspired concentration) were subjected to stepwise normovolemic hemo

Coxsackie virus B antibodies are increased in HLA DR3-MICA5.1 positive type 1 diabetes patients in the Linkoping region of Sweden

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder in which genetics and environmental factors play a role. Among the environmental factors, viruses (especially Coxsackie virus B [CBV]), and among genetic markers, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*04-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DR4-DQ8) and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DR3-DQ2), and major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene-A (M

Diabetic control in community care. The use of clinical evaluation and hemoglobin A1

Diabetic control was evaluated in 50 consecutive patients attending a community care centre, either by clinical criteria or by determination of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1). Two methods used for the determination of HbA1 were found to give similar results, namely ion exchange chromatography and agar gel electrophoresis. On a group basis, good correlation was observed between HbA1 samples analyse

Nurses' reflections about dementia care, the patients, the care and themselves in their daily caregiving

In this study the aim was, through interviews, to disclose 13 nurses' personal knowledge about the patients, themselves, and care provision, using a phenomenological-hermeneutic analysing method. Caring for people with severe dementia meant an intertwined life world emanating from making and doing together and the delicate interpretative work that the care provision required. The intertwined life

Ionic conductivity in physical networks of polyethylene-polyether-polyethylene triblock copolymers

A self-assembling ABA triblock copolymer complexed with lithium bis(trifluorometliylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt showed ion conductivities (sigma) approaching 10(-5) S/cm at 20 degreesC. The block copolymer had endblocks of polyethylene (PE) and midblocks of poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide) (PEOPO) and formed physical networks with PEOPO chains interconnected by crystalline PE domains. Ther

The ground state and electronic spectrum of CUO - a mystery.

Results are presented from a theoretical study of the lower electronic states of the CUO molecule. Multiconfigurational wave functions have been used with dynamic correlation added using second order perturbation theory. Extended basis sets have been used, which for uranium were contracted including scalar relativistic effects. Spin–orbit interaction has been included using the state-interaction a

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According to medieval Canon Law the validity of a marriage depended solely on the consent of the parties. No one could legally force a couple to marry if they did not freely consent to do so. At the same time, any kind of sexual relations outside of marriage was prohibited by Canon Law. An unmarried couple could be forced to abjure one another sub pena nubendi. This meant that any future intercour

Bioresorbable and nonresorbable macroporous thermosensitive hydrogels prepared by cryopolymerization. Role of the cross-linking agent

Macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPA) gels (so-called cryogels), cross-linked with different bisacryliccompounds, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAAm) and dimethacrylate-tyrosine-lysine-tyrosine (DMTLT), were prepared through free-radical polymerization at subzero temperature in dioxane/water media. DMTLT is a hydrolytically degradable cross-linker with relatively hydrophobic character. T

Environmental dose rate heterogeneity of beta radiation and its implications for luminescence dating: Monte Carlo modelling and experimental validation

The recent development of rapid single sand-sized grain analyses in luminescence dating has necessitated the accurate interpretation of D-e distributions to recover a representative D-e acquired since the last bleaching event. Beta heterogeneity may adversely affect the variance and symmetry of D-e distributions and it is important to characterise this effect, both to ensure that dose distribution

Predicting developmental deficiencies at the age of four based on data from the first seven months of life

The study examines very Young children with the aim of identifying precursors of developmental problems during, the first 7 months of age. Information front screening, and observations in the birth clinic, in the first level of health care. and from parents was collected on five different occasions. The information that Was included concerning the child and family was defined as either optimal or