När en kommun tillhandahåller en tjänst utgår vanligen en avgift som baserar sig på den kommunala självkostnadsprincipen. Frågan om vad som egentligen gäller om en brukare av tjänsten – t.ex. till följd av någon form av bristande (mot)prestation från kommunens sida – inte vill erlägga avgiften är dock inte självklar. Av NJA 1998 s. 656 (I) följer förvisso att tvister rörande barnomsorgsavgifter sk

In the late 1970s, the Swedish economy faced a profit squeeze which threatened to hamper investments and hence the creation of jobs. This engendered a massive debate in the media and among economists and policymakers. This paper investigates the discussion of “the politics of profits”, the policy measures directed towards manipulating the distribution between capital income and labour income in th

While whole-rock Lu-Hf isotope analysis remains one of the only ways to obtain initial Hf isotope signatures of old mafic rocks, Hf isotope analyses of more robust accessory zircon in intermediate to silicic rocks have largely replaced whole-rock analyses during the last decade. This has led to a discrepancy in the amount of existing data from mafic and felsic lithologies. However, especially in m

Recent decades have witnessed an innovation in genetics and biomedical practices, shifting the practice from treatment to prevention. Testing healthy individuals for genetic inherited diseases has now become increasingly common, preventing potential disease by offering early screenings, medication, or potentially surgery, reducing the genetic risk from developing into disease. Though, social scien

In recent years, shared micro-mobility services (e.g., bikes, e-bikes, and e-scooters) have been popularized at a rapid pace worldwide, which provide more choices for people’s short and medium-distance travel. Accurately modeling the choice of these shared micro-mobility services is important for their regulation and management. However, little attention has been paid to modeling their choice, esp

We study the density of solutions to Diophantine inequalities involving non-singular ternary forms, or equivalently, the density of rational points close to non-singular plane algebraic curves.

Local geometric control of basic synthesis parameters, such as elemental composition, is important for bottom-up synthesis and top-down device definition on-chip but remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose to use lithographically defined metal stacks for regulating the surface concentrations of freely diffusing synthesis elements on compound semiconductors. This is demonstrated by geomet

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by an aberrant repair response with uncontrolled turnover of extracellular matrix involving mesenchymal cell phenotypes, where lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LRMSC) have been supposed to have an important role. However, the contribution of LRMSC in lung fibrosis is not fully understood, and the role of LRMSC in IPF remains to be elucidate

Primary treatment of municipal wastewater by rotating belt filtration followed by hydrolysis and acidogenic fermentation of the filter primary sludge (FPS) at ambient temperature was studied at pilot-scale during one year. The seasonal variations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), nutrient release and soluble COD production as well as microbial community assembly were assessed, leading to novel findi

Samverkande proteiner vid syrebrist under inflytande av inhibitorn PT2385 i hjärntumörceller från barn DIPG är en typ av hjärncancer hos barn som är placerad i övre delen av nacken vilket gör den svår att operera. Ledsamt nog finns ingen behandling för denna sjukdom, och patienter behandlas ofta med strålning för att förlänga livet med några enstaka månader. Hos den typiska patienten så överlevePurpose: The HIF-2α inhibitor PT2385 inhibits complex formation between HIF-2a and ARNT1 and thereby blocks HIF-2a transcriptional activation. It has been proven to extend survival in renal cancer, while its effects in pediatric brain cancer are unknown. This study is to investigate the effect of PT2385 in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) cells, as well as to investigate HIF-2a interaction

A reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model, the EpiDerm, was investigated and compared to human skin ex vivo regarding tissue penetration and distribution of two chromium species, relevant in both occupational and general exposure in the population. Imaging mass spectrometry was used in analysis of the sectioned tissue. The RHE model gave similar results compared to human skin ex vivo for skin pe

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Most cases of AD are considered idiopathic and likely due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-related risk factors. Despite occurring decades before the typical age of an AD diagnosis, early-life stress (ELS) has been suggested to have long-lasting effects that may contribute to AD risk and pathogenesis. S

Soil microbes perceive drying and rewetting (DRW) events as more or less harsh depending on the previous soil moisture history. If a DRW event is not perceived as harsh, microbial growth recovers rapidly after rewetting (referred to as ‘type 1’ response), while a harsh DRW will be followed by a delayed growth recovery (‘type 2’ response). Predicting these responses based on pedoclimatic factors is

The CO2 corrosion-induced scale developed in the surface region of the low-grade carbon steel is thoroughly investigated to understand the corrosion mechanisms involved during exposure to CO2-saturated aqueous environments. In this work, in addition to the electron microscopy and lab-source X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods, ex-situ depth-resolved phase identification of the corrosion scales develop

We study the influence of thermal boundary conditions on large aspect ratio Rayleigh–Bénard convection by a joint analysis of experimental and numerical data sets for a Prandtl number Pr=7 and Rayleigh numbers Ra=105−106. The spatio-temporal experimental data are obtained by combined Particle Image Velocimetry and Particle Image Thermometry measurements in a cuboid cell filled with water at an asp

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) maintains a fine balance between scientific credibility and policy-relevance. The IPCC's review process plays an important role in ensuring that this takes place. This paper looks at the review process of the Summary for Policymakers of the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 Degrees (SR15) published in 2018. We apply a framework for the mak

Background and Purpose: Circulating tumour (ct) human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is detectable in HPV-related oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPSCC) patients and has the potential to become an important clinical tool. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of ctHPV16-DNA kinetics during treatment with chemoradiotherapy in HPV-related OPSCC. Patients with p16-positive OPSCC recruited to th