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Background: Despite scaling up of HIV programmes in sub-Saharan Africa, many people living with HIV (PLHIV) are unaware of their HIV status. New testing modalities, such as community-based testing, can improve test uptake, but it is uncertain whether type of testing modality affects the subsequent cascade of HIV care. Objective: To compare linkage to care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) outcome

The notion of Cloud RAN is taking a prominent role in narrative for the next generation wireless infrastructure. It is also seen as a mean to industrial communication systems. In order to provide reliable wireless connectivity for industrial deployments, by conventional means, the cloud infrastructure needs to be reliable and incur little latency, which however, is contradictory to the stochastic

1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) is widely used as a crosslinker for fluorescence labeling of protein in the fields of biochemistry and food analysis. Many natural polysaccharides often contain some proteins or peptides that are very low in content but play a vital role in their biological function as well as technical applications. Determination of these low-content proteinace

Eulerian stochastic fields (ESF) based transported PDF method has evolved as one of the general purpose methods for the numerical simulation of complex chemically reactive turbulent flows in which the effect of turbulence on the chemical reaction rates can be computed directly without the need of modeling. It is found that ESF method may suffer from violation of the element mass conservation law d

Apolipoprotein E (APOE), one of the primary lipoproteins in the brain has three isoforms in humans - APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4. APOE4 is the most well-established risk factor increasing the pre-disposition for Alzheimer's disease. The presence of the APOE4 allele alone is shown to cause synaptic defects in neurons and recent studies have identified multiple pathways directly influenced by APOE4. How

This paper proposes Yggdrasil, a protocol for privacy-aware dual data deduplication in multi-client settings. Yggdrasil is designed to reduce cloud storage space while safeguarding the privacy of clients’ data. This is achieved by exploiting a ‘dual’ setting, where both the cloud and the clients store a fraction of the data. Yggdrasil combines two innovative techniques to achieve this goal. First,

BACKGROUND: α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation contributes to the progression of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. We recently found that the isoform b of the co-chaperone DNAJB6 is a strong suppressor of a-syn aggregation in vivo and in vitro. However, nothing is known about the role of the endogenous isoform b of DNAJB6 (DNAJB6b) in health and disease, due to lack of specific antibodies.OBJECTIV

The research presented in this thesis is primarily focused on experimental investigations of laser-driven ion acceleration from solid targets via the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism. In particular, ways of optimizing the absorption of the laser pulse energy by free plasma electrons in the target, or modifying the shape of the accelerating electron sheath were addressed. The aim of this

Past research on the social determinants of colorectal cancer (CRC) has shown that lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with a higher risk of CRC. Similar to SES at the individual level, the neighbourhood social environment may partly affect the development of CRC. Although one important aspect of the neighbourhood social environment is social capital, no large-scale follow-up study has

Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element that is essential for optimal plant growth. Zinc-solubilising bacteria can release Zn from its insoluble compounds. We isolated and identified Zn-solubilising bacteria (ZnSB) from the rhizosphere, and semi-quantitively and quantitatively evaluated their ability to dissolve various Zn minerals (ZnO, ZnCO3 and Zn3(PO4)2). Out of 24 rhizosphere soil samples, 15

White quinoa grains were used as a source of novel beneficial microorganisms and as a matrix for development of a fermented plant-based drink. Studies on the quinoa grain microbiota were performed by applying spontaneous fermentation to allow isolation of autochthonous Lactiplantibacillus strains with potential to be used as starter cultures. The quinoa-based drink was fermented with the commercia

The patients’ burden of comorbidities is a cornerstone in risk assessment, clinical management and follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate if biomarkers associated with comorbidity burden can predict outcome in acute dyspnea patients. We included 774 patients with dyspnea admitted to an emergency department and measured 80 cardiovascular protein biomarkers in serum collected at admission.

In the mid-twentieth century, Sweden distinguished itself as one of the most organized and participatory democracies in the world, with high levels of voting turnout and party membership. But in the late nineteenth century the situation was much the opposite – Sweden had for Western Europe a low degree of suffrage, and low political participation. To explain the turnaround, this paper explores ext

Due to the aging population, hip fracture incidence has been increasing over the past decades. Measurements of bone mineral density with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry are the gold standard for hip fracture risk assessment, where patients with a low bone density have a high risk of fracture. However, many people that are not diagnosed to be at risk, still fracture their hip. Calculations of bone

BACKGROUND: There is a worldwide shift towards increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) with concurrent rising prevalence of obesity. We examined the relationship between the consumption of UPF and weight gain and risk of obesity.METHODS: This prospective cohort included 348 748 men and women aged 25-70 years. Participants were recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 9 European countries