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Background Olfactory dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The objective was to evaluate the association between olfaction in PD with cross-sectional and longitudinal assessments of clinical variables and novel cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers. Methods Patients with PD and baseline olfactory function assessed using the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) were

Cytolysin A (ClyA) is a pore-forming protein from a strongly silenced gene in non-pathogenic Escherichia coli, including typical commensal isolates in the intestinal microbiome of healthy mammalian hosts. Upon overproduction, ClyA-expressing bacteria display a cytolytic phenotype. However, it remains unclear whether sublytic amounts of native ClyA play a role in commensal E. coli-host interactions

This school meals case study forms part of a collection led by the Research Consortium for School Health and Nutrition’s "Good Examples" Community of Practice. The School Meals Case Study of Sweden serves to document how the national school meals programme is organized, funded, and monitored throughout the country. The objectives of this case study include presenting an introduction to the country

Flugan, bakterien och valet mellan tistlarna Mångfalden av liv på jorden formas av samspelet mellan arter och deras miljöer. Ett av de allra äldsta samspelen är det man finner mellan insekter och bakterier, där de ofta lever tillsammans i symbios. I släktet Tephritis (Diptera: Tephritidae, borrflugor) finns just en sådan symbios med bakterien Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis (Stammerula). Genet

Path integration is a navigational strategy that allows animals to return home in a straight line after an outbound journey, by integrating the distance and direction traveled. With their accessible brains, insects are the perfect model organisms to study this target-directed behavior at the neural level. The Central Complex (CX) is a group of neural structures (neuropils) in the insect brain suit

The Iberian lynx was once recognized as the world’s most threatened felid, but due to the implementation of a conservation programme and the creation of captive breeding centres, its numbers have considerably increased. With the annual production of new individuals in these reproduction centres, as well as the inevitable aging of past breeders, a different problem emerged: the hoarding of non-repr

The spread of multiuse landscape worldwide has drastically increased humanwildlife interactions and especially negative impacts of wildlife on human assets. Human-wildlife interactions threaten both biodiversity conservation and farmers’ livelihood, especially in low-income areas where farming practices are their main source of income. In Zimbabwe, wildlife damage to crops and livestock creates te

Given the severe land-use and land-cover change pressure on tropical forests and the high demand for field observations of ecosystem characteristics, it is crucial to collect such data both in pristine tropical forests and in the converted deforested land-cover classes. To gain insight into the ecosystem characteristics of pristine tropical forests (EFs), regrowth forests (RFs), and cashew plantat

Amphetamine has widespread effects on multiple neurotransmitter systems, potentially altering the physiological connectivity and network dynamics across various regions of the brain. In this study, we investigated the effects of D-amphetamine using our previously published approach where electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings from eight cortical areas provided a coarse estimation of the global activ

Background: Gut dysbiosis and gut-brain-axis involvement in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) support the use of gut-microbiota-modulating interventions. Probiotics may help manage constipation in PwP; however, mechanisms underpinning additional beneficial properties are unknown. Objective: The aim was evaluating the effects of a probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophil

In May 2024 with a subsequent update in June 2025, the Swedish Medical Products Agency’s expert group revised guidelines on the management and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. This is an abridged version and commentary on the full recommendation including specific recommendations for the RSV-season 2025/2026. Key points are: (i) RSV is a seasonal, highly contagious infecti

The production, consumption and disposal of plastics in today’s economies simultaneously contribute to climate change and pollution. With expected production growth for plastics, these problems will only exacerbate. To address the plastic crisis, we need a reduction of its production, as well as a fundamental rethinking of our relationship with this material. Reorganising economies to be less reli

CONTEXT: Statin use is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and mild hyperglycemia. The underlying mechanisms are not well studied and the effect of statin treatment on GLP-1 secretion or production are unknown.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of rosuvastatin on GLP-1 secretion and production.METHODS: We performed association studies in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study cardiovascular c