District Heating is a cornerstone for the decarbonisation of the heating and cooling sector in Europe. Nonetheless, this technology is currently absent in a majority of the continent's urban areas, and hence the need for appropriate methods by which to estimate the cost, as well as underlying cost parameters, to assess the feasibility of developing district heating networks is of general interest.

District heating is one of the technologies that can contribute to the decarbonisation of the European heat sector. Nonetheless, these infrastructures only deliver about a tenth of the heat demands in the continent. Therefore, it is essential to assess the expansion potential of these systems and to identify which areas should be target for further investigations, which calls for easy-to-use and s

This paper presents a novel approach to modeling the gradual reduction in heat demand and the evolving expansion of district heating (DH) grids for assessing the DH potential in EU member states (MS). It introduces new methodological elements for modeling the impact of connection rates below 100% on heat distribution costs in both dense and sparse areas. The projected heat demand in 2050 is derive

Importance: Phase 3 trials of successful antiamyloid therapies in Alzheimer disease (AD) have demonstrated improved clinical efficacy in people with less severe disease. Plasma biomarkers will be essential for efficient screening of participants in future primary prevention clinical trials testing antiamyloid therapies in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals with initially low brain β-amyloid (

District heating and cooling systems can aid in decarbonisation and the provision of efficient heating and cooling in Europe. However, whereas these systems have achieved high penetration rates in colder climates of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe, they remain marginal in milder climates of Southern Europe. In terms of network design, district heating and cooling systems can be configured in

In a large social science literature, unequal rural class structures (“landlordism”) are associated with authoritarian political outcomes. This paper revisits the debate focusing on the electoral consequences of land inequality in Prussia, the locus classicus of the pernicious effects of landlordism, and Sweden, often perceived as Prussia’s opposite, with a farmer-dominated social structure and stIn a large social science literature, unequal rural class structures (“landlordism”) are as-sociated with authoritarian political outcomes. This paper revisits the debate focusingon the electoral consequences of land inequality in Prussia, the locus classicus of the per-nicious effects of landlordism, and Sweden, often perceived as Prussia’s opposite, with afarmer-dominated social structure and st

In this study, I analyse whether and why people’s social trust, the belief that most people can be trusted, changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland. My analysis is guided by two different approaches to potential dynamics in social trust, (1) the settled disposition model which advocates for stability within individuals over time, and (2) the active updating model claiming that crisis-i

This short communication presents the findings of the work conducted by the human behaviour in fire permanent working group of the International Association for Fire Safety Science. Its aim is to identify determinants of research gaps in the field of human behaviour in fire. Two workshops were conducted in 2023 in which research gaps were identified and discussed by twenty experts. The workshops l

This open access book brings together experts from both EU competition law as well fundamental rights backgrounds, discussing the most recent developments in EU legislation on digitalisation. Most prominently, it explores the recently introduced Digital Markets Act (DMA), including a discussion on other related legislative acts and the respective case law. It is aimed mostly at academics and resea

Lösningen av de pågående klimat- och energikriserna kräver en radikal omvandling av energisystemet, där hållbarhet, inga koldioxidutsläpp och energieffektivitet bör spela en avgörande roll.Denna revolution bör sträcka sig till alla delar av energisystemet, inklusive sektorn för uppvärmning och kylning av byggnader, som står för en tredjedel av Europas slutliga energibehov och på den europeiska konThe solution of the undergoing climate and energy crises requires a radical transformation of the energy system, in which sustainability, no carbon emissions and energy efficiency ought to play a paramount role. This revolution should extend to all areas of the energy system, including the space heating and cooling sector, which accounts for a third of the European final energy demand and, in the

This chapter provides a brief overview of the aims of this book, how it is structured and the various chapters to be found therein. It summarises the main arguments made by the contributing experts, who come from both EU competition law as well fundamental rights backgrounds. It further provides an analysis of the new directions in digitalisation and their implications for future research.

This chapter discusses the development of the ne bis in idem principle and assesses whether its judicial interpretation and application in the last years can be said to constitute a revolution for the enforcement of EU competition law. The analysis is divided into pre- and post-DMA litigation, starting from the creation of the principle of ne bis in idem in the interaction between the CJEU and ECt

This chapter discusses Article 114 TFEU as the choice of legal basis in the Digital Single Market. It argues that the EU’s competence in the internal market has developed into a default option for harmonising measures in digitalisation, exacerbated by the Union’s new regulatory approach. With particular reference to the area of competition law and the recently introduced Digital Markets Act, Artic

This paper discusses the role of fundamental rights in the EU’s legislation on digitalisation, with a particular focus on the proposed Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA). As the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights is receiving an increasingly prominent role in regulating the digital sphere in order to rectify the increasing challenges of a ‘wild West’ internet, the constitut

Attempts to measure social mobility before the twentieth century are frequently hampered by limited data. In this paper, we use a new source – annual, matched tax censuses over more than 70 years – to calculate intragenerational income mobility within a preindustrial, settler society, the Dutch and British Cape Colony at the southern tip of Africa. Our unique source allows us to measure income mob

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used in both military and civilian applications, where a stable communication link is vital for safe flight control and robust data transmission. To develop a reliable UAV communication system, it is necessary to deeply understand the UAV channel characteristics and establish accurate channel models. Channel sounding is the most effective way to obt

At a retirement it is natural to have the past in front of you, in particular as a historian. But contrary to what we normally think – that we have the past behind us and the future in front of us – all of us in reality look at the future through the past. What we see is not what will happen but what has happened, and, moreover, as interpreted by our experiences of what has happened earlier. The p