The Precautionary Principle is both celebrated and criticized. It has become an important principle for decision making, but it is also subject to criticism. One problem that is often pointed out with the principle is that is not clear what it actually says and how to use it. I have taken on this problem by performing an analysis of some of the most influential formulations of the principle in an

This paper provides evidence on the causal relationship between education and poverty. I construct a novel database comprising compulsory schooling reforms in 32 European countries and use them as instruments for education. I find economically large poverty-reducing effects of education among people aged 30 to 80. This holds true for both objective measures of poverty (relative income poverty, lac

With the promise of increased responsiveness and robustness of the emerging 5G technology, it is suddenly becoming feasible to deploy latency-sensitive control systems over the cloud via a mobile network. Even though 5G is herald to give lower latency and jitter than current mobile networks, the effect of the delay would still be non-negligible for certain applications.In this paper we explore and

OBJECTIVES: Deep bone and joint infections (DBJI) are directly intertwined with health, demographic change towards an elderly population, and wellbeing.The elderly human population is more prone to acquire infections, and the consequences such as pain, reduced quality of life, morbidity, absence from work and premature retirement due to disability place significant burdens on already strained heal

OBJECTIVES: Clitoral surgery on minors diagnosed with differences of sex development is increasingly positioned as a violation of human rights. This qualitative study identified how health professionals (HPs) navigate the contentious issues as they offer care to affected families.DESIGN: Qualitative analysis of audio-recorded semistructured interviews with HPs. All of the interviews were transcrib

Introduction: The clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is based on the identification of bradykinesia and at least one additional feature among rigidity, resting tremor and postural instability. These clinical features have been estimated to appear when at least 50% of the nigral dopamine neurons and 70% of putaminal dopamine tissue contents are lost [1]. Dopaminergic imaging suggests th

This essay attempts to explore what being fat means in relation to health and illness for overweight and non-overweight children aged 8-12 years. It illustrates that overweight children experience being fat as a social problem and not merely as a medical or Health problem. Their concept of overweight is influenced by the beliefs that are present in the World around them and the problems they face

BackgroundThe needs of care based on palliative principles are stressed for all people with progressive and/or life-limiting conditions, regardless of age and the place in which care is provided. Person-centred palliative care strives to make the whole person visible and prioritizes the satisfaction of spiritual, existential, social, and psychological needs to the same extent as physical needs. Ho

An 80-year old male presented with an infected knee replacement following repeated joint aspirations. They were carried out due to recurrent hemarthrosis resulting from an initially missed quadriceps tendon injury. The infection was eradicated first after arthrodesis. This case highlights that prosthetic joints are sensitive to infection, which once established can be difficult to eradicate. Caref

BACKGROUND: Despite absence of evidence of a clinical benefit of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), many surgeons claim that subgroups of patients benefit from APM.OBJECTIVE: We developed a prognostic model predicting change in patient-reported outcome 1 year following arthroscopic meniscal surgery to identify such subgroups.METHODS: We included 641 patients (age 48.7 years (SD 13), 56% men)

The current study demonstrates through experiment the effect of solid lubricant assisted minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) on the machining performance when turning Alloy 718 with cemented carbide tools. A powder of nanosized (~30 nm) graphite nanoplatelets (GnP) was dispersed (0.2% vol.) in a vegetable oil-based lubricant “ECOLUBRIC E200L” and used in MQL-assisted machining. The effect of cuttin

A combination of two enzymes, phospholipase D (PL D) and C (PL C), was investigated for the production of two lysophospholipids, 1-lauroyl-rac- glycerophosphate (1-LGP) and 1-lauroyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate (1-LDHAP). The high transphosphatidylation ability of phospholipase D from Streptomyces sp. allowed the formation of 1-lauroyl-phosphatidylglycerol (1-LPG) and 1- lauroyl-phosphatidyldihydrox

We have identified and characterized the temporal and spatial regulation of a plasma membrane arabinogalactan protein epitope during development of the aerial parts of oilseed rape using the monoclonal antibody JIM8. The JIM8 epitope is expressed by the first cells of the embryo and by certain cells in the sexual organs of flowers. During embryogenesis, the JIM8 epitope ceases to be expressed by t