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Over the last 25 to 30 years, union density has experienced a significant decline in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, while remaining relatively stable in Norway and completely unchanged in Iceland. In the first three countries, the weakening of Ghent systems (state-subsidised union unemployment funds) stands out as the primary factor contributing to union decline. In Sweden, this trend is further ex
BACKGROUND: The impact of the sustainable EAT-Lancet planetary health diet on brain and cognitive health remains unclear. This study compared the impact of the EAT-Lancet diet with the well-established cognitive-beneficial Mediterranean diet (MeDi) in relation to neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance among older adults.METHODS: The study included 615 dementia-free 70-year-olds from the
Code review is a well-established and valuable software development practice associated with code quality, interpersonal, and team benefits. However, it is also time-consuming, with developers spending 10–20% of their working time doing code reviews. With recent advances in AI capabilities, there are more and more initiatives aimed at fully automating code reviews to save time and streamline softw
Collagen VII is an essential anchoring protein in the basement membrane zone, maintaining the attachment of stratified and pseudostratified epithelia to the underlying interstitial matrix. However, collagen VII is largely unexplored in normal lungs and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and aberrant re-epithelializat
MOTIVATION: Missing data present a pervasive challenge in data analysis, potentially biasing outcomes and undermining conclusions if not addressed properly. Missing data are commonly classified into Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), Missing at Random (MAR), and Missing Not at Random (MNAR). While MCAR poses a minimal risk of data distortion, both MAR and MNAR can seriously affect the results of
Structural biology offers a window into the functionality of molecular machines in health and disease. A fundamental challenge lies in capturing both the high-resolution structural details and dynamic changes that are essential for function. The high-resolution methods of X-ray crystallography and electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) are mainly used to study ensembles of static conformations but can
Background: The Swedish health care system is undergoing a transformation. eHealth technologies are increasingly being used. The System Usability Scale is a widely used tool, offering a standardized and reliable measure for assessing the usability of digital health solutions. However, despite the existence of several translations of the System Usability Scale into Swedish, none have undergone psyc
Beyond interactions with parents, young children’s development is influenced by attachment-related interactions with close caregivers in different contexts, such as with teachers at professional childcare centres (“preschool”). The child’s transition from the home environment to being cared for at preschool for the very first time is essential in this respect, providing a natural “window of opport
In recent years, the electrification of buses in public transport systems has increased in both scale and pace. Today, there are several examples of how this transition has been handled in public transport, with partly or fully electrified bus fleets in regular operations in many cities.The research project e(+)bus has focused on how the transition to electric buses has been handled in six Swedish
This work presents a framework for designing self-locking 3D compliant structures using elasto-plastic topology optimization. Design updates are generated using the gradient-based method of moving asymptotes, while the material behavior is modeled under small strain elasto-plasticity. To accurately capture the Bauschinger effect that occur during reversed loading, kinematic hardening is a crucial
Debate over the future of international science takes place in light of two trends that are frequently interpreted as standing in tension with each other. The longer-term pattern shows that science is increasingly an international endeavour, as collaboration across borders has grown. A more recent apparent re-nationalisation of science, however, raises questions over the march of international sci
Aquifer classification plays a pivotal role in understanding groundwater dynamics and informing sustainable water resource management, especially in regions under significant stress from over-extraction. This study presents a novel remote sensing-based methodology for classifying aquifers represented by monitoring wells within the study area. The approach integrates stress-strain analysis, incorpo
Robotic systems often face execution failures due to unexpected obstacles, sensor errors, or environmental changes. Traditional failure recovery methods rely on predefined strategies or human intervention, making them less adaptable. This paper presents a unified failure recovery framework that combines Vision-Language Models (VLMs), a reactive planner, and Behavior Trees (BTs) to enable real-time
The evolution of multicellularity is one of the major evolutionary transitions that has shaped the diversity of life on Earth. Multicellular organisms have arisen numerous times across the tree of life, but explaining why some lineages are multicellular while others are unicellular remains puzzling. In my thesis, we tested how the ecological variables may differentially favour multicellular and un
Improving agricultural sustainability is a global challenge, particularly for China's high-input and low-efficiency cropping systems with environmental tradeoffs. Although national strategies have been implemented to achieve Sustainable Development Goals in agriculture, the potential contributions of crop switching as a promising solution under varying future climate change are still under-explore
